Diversity and Inclusion II

Question 1

culture

Answer 1

unique character of a social group
- system of shared values, norms, and practices
- influences and shapes the social interactions in our everyday lives

Question 2

people in culture

Answer 2

everyone in culture is positioned
- not everyone is neatly bounded but there is a general set of patterns and tendencies
- strength of a culture depends on level of consensus among group’s members

Question 3

ethnocentric bias

Answer 3

form judgements about other cultures using one’s own as standard.
- leads to misunderstanding and incorrect attributions of behavior

Question 4

functional fixedness

Answer 4

cognitive bias that limits a person to perceiving an object only in the way it is traditionally used
- prevents seeing full range of reason for a particular behavior. likely to make wrong assumptions

Question 5

mismatche

Answer 5

we often interpret others’ behaviors according to our value/beliefs and assumptions.

Question 6

correcting mismatch

Answer 6

should interpret other’s behaviors according to their values/beliefs and assumptions

Question 7

variance in culture

Answer 7

substantially more variance in cultures than what people typically assume through stereotypes

Question 8

observing others

Answer 8

pay attention to what others do
limitation- don’t necessarily understand why people behave that way

Question 9

Function of behavior

Answer 9

ask why people perform actions.
- allows you to understand intent underlying certain behaviors
- also makes others feel appreciated and more likely to cooperate.

Question 10

individualistic cultures

Answer 10

people define themselves as individuals and form looser connections with groups
- “be yourself”

Question 11

collectivist cultures

Answer 11

people define themselves by group membership and have stronger bonds to groups
- china, india
- one of us

Question 12

power distance

Answer 12

degree to which society views an unequal distribution of power as acceptable

Question 13

high power distance

Answer 13

hierarchical norms. Managers are treated with more respect and less likely to be questioned.

Question 14

low power distance

Answer 14

egalitarian norms. managers are views as equals and more acceptable for employee to have a back-and-forth conversation

Question 15

uncertainty avoidance

Answer 15

degree to which people feel threatened by ambiguity or unstructured situations

Question 16

high uncertainty avoidance

Answer 16

prefer predictable situations and have low tolerance for ambiguity

Question 17

low uncertainty avoidance

Answer 17

selectively enforce rules and make a number of exceptions

Question 18

aggressive cultures

Answer 18

value achievement, competitiveness, and acquisition of money and resources

Question 19

nurturing cultures

Answer 19

value maintain good relationships, cooperation, and quality of life