Disease and immune systems for humans Flashcards
Define health
The state of physical and mental well being
What is a communicable disease
A disease that can be transmitted from one person to another
What are non communicable diseases
A disease not caused by a miccrorganism that cannot be transferred from one person to another.
Risk factor of disease
Smoking
Exposure to radiation
Excessive alcohol
Carcinogen
What is cancer
A non communicable disease which develops as a result of changes in cells that result in their uncontrollable growth and divsion
What is a benign tumour?
Growth of abnormal cells which have not yet invaded other parts of the body
What is a malignant tumour
Growths of abnormal cells which have invaded neighbouring tissue where they form secondary tumours
Compare how bacteria and viruses cause illness
While both reproduce rapidly once inside the body , bacteria reproduce in the bloodstream where they produce toxins that damage tissue
Viruses live and reproduce inside of cells causing cell damage
Explain measles
Caused by a virus
The symptoms are a fever a and rash
Spread by coughing and sneezing (airbourne)
Treatment is vaccination at early child hood
Explain HIV
Virus
Has flu like symptoms as the virus has disabled the immune system therefore all ordinary illnesses have a huge effect,
Spread through sexual intercourse
Antiretroval can control the virus
Explain salmonella
It is a bacteria
It has symptoms of abdominal pain and fever
Spread by unhygienic conditions when preparing food
In the UK poultry all livestock are vaccinated against the bacteria .
Explain gonnorhea
It is a bacteria
Discharge from genitalia
Transmitted sexually
Can be easily treated with penicillin
Malaria
It is a protists
Symptoms are recurrent fevers . Can cause death
Transmitted by vector mosquitos
Cannot be cured . Take precautions like netting or preventing the mosquitos from breeding
