Cell Structure And Transport

Question 1

Name specialized cells and their functions

Answer 1

Red blood cells- carry oxygen around the body
Nerve cell- carry electrical impulses around the body . They have adapted to carry the impulses to other cells allowing you to feel physical pain
Sperm cell- travels a huge distance to fertilise the egg so they flagella and a lot mitochondria for energy
Muscle cell- contains proteins which allows muscles to contract helping the bones move

Question 2

Define diffusion

Answer 2

The net random of particles from an area of hight concentration to an area of low concentration . It requires no energy to do this

Question 3

Define osmosis

Answer 3

Net random of water molecules from an area of high water potential to an area of low water potential

Question 4

Define active transport

Answer 4

When molecules travel from a low concentration gradient to a high concentration gradient. Requires ATP energy and a carrier protein

Question 5

Define lisis

Answer 5

Water enters the cell causing it to burst

Question 6

Define crenation

Answer 6

When water leaves a cell causing it to shrivel up

Question 7

Define turgid

Answer 7

When water enters a plant cell causing the membrane to push up against the cell wall

Question 8

Define plasmoyed

Answer 8

Water leaves the cell causing the membrane to peel away from the cell wall

Question 9

Explain stage one of the cell cycle

Answer 9

The stage of the cell cycle when a cell is preparing itself to duplicate . The cell is starts to grow to contain more organelles

Question 10

What is stage 2

Answer 10

In this phase DNA is condensed into chromosomes and is pulled apart by mitotic spindrals

Question 11

What is stage 3

Answer 11

When the cell actually splits . The surface of the cell deepens until it penetrates the other side splitting itself . Each cell must have a nucleus