digestive

Question 1

GORD meaning

Answer 1

gastro oesophagal reflux disease

Question 2

GORD causes

Answer 2

weak lower oesophagal sphincter
hiatal hernia
increased pressure form lifting or bending
vomiting or coughing

Question 3

what happens in GORD

Answer 3

acid from stmach refluxes back into oesephagus but oesophagus doesnt have mucus to protect it

Question 4

symptons of GORD

Answer 4

coughing
heart burn
abdominal pain within an hour after eating

Question 5

newborns and GORD

Answer 5

newborns have GORD becasue they havent developed the sphicter yet

Question 6

peptic ulcer disease

Answer 6

• ulcer: break in digestive lining allows contents to reach submucosal layer
• helicobactor pylori - can casue ulcers or gastric cancer
• can be either gastric ulcer or duodenal ulcer

Question 7

peptic ulcer disease: ulcers

Answer 7

• break in the digestive lining, allows contents to reach submucosal layer
• autodigestion
• deep ulcers can erroe muscle layer and even blood vessels
• worse case, can perforate GI wall

Question 8

helicobactor pylori

Answer 8

• bacterium that is able to live in stomach and duodenum
• estimated 2/3 in world have but most are asymptomatic
• can casue ulcers and even gastric cancer

Question 9

gastric ulcers

Answer 9

• mucosa becomes damaged
• in response, the stomach secretes more acid, damaging mucosa even more
• may be chronic and heal slow

Question 10

gastric ulcer symptoms

Answer 10

pain when food is in stomach, anorexia - dont wnat to eat as painful

Question 11

duodenal ulcer

Answer 11

• more frequant, younger patients
• almost everyone who has it is infected by h.pylori
• created by either hypersecretion of acid pr reduction oh bicarbonate in duodenum
• may heal quicker but more likely to jave exacerbations and remissions

Question 12

how are duodenal ulcers created

Answer 12

created by either hypersecretion of acid pr reduction oh bicarbonate in duodenum

Question 13

symptoms of duodenal ulcers

Answer 13

epigastric pain when the stomach is empty
- may be asymptomatic until perferation and haemorrage

Question 14

types of inflammatory bowel disease

Answer 14

chrons disease
ulcerative colitis

Question 15

ulcerative colitis

Answer 15

• only affetcs the mucosal layer
• only happens in colon
• inflammation breaks down the mucosal layer whoch can case abscesses
• pattern id exacerbations and remissions

Question 16

ulcerative colitis symptons

Answer 16

large, watery, often bloody diarrhoea with cramping

Question 17

ulcerative colitis complications

Answer 17

can include anal fissures, haemorrhoids, perirectal abscesses

Question 18

area chrons disease affetcs…

Answer 18

affects either large or small intestine
starts in submucosla layer and spreadss to affects all layers of the intestine

Question 19

area ulcerative colitis affetcs…

Answer 19

only happens in colon
only affetcs the mucosal layer

Question 20

chrons disease

Answer 20

• affects either large or small intestine
• may be autoimmune
• starts in submucosal layer and spreads to affect all layers of intestine
• changes to mucosa can allow in toxins
• exacerbations and remissions

Question 21

Skip leisons:

Answer 21

occur in chrons disease
leisons will form in select places, but other parts of the gut will be nromal, more common on right side

Question 22

symptoms of chrons

Answer 22

diarrhoea, digestion and absoprtoin are affected as small intestien is involved, may have fatty diarrheoa, blood can occur

Question 23

complications of chrons

Answer 23

There can be so much inflamamtion that the lumen of the gut may become obstructed
fistulae ( breaks through one wall, then attaches to something else and continues to break down)
anemia from being unable to absorb B12
often requires surgery