diagnosis staging grading Flashcards
1
Q
patient pathway
A
- screening / signs and symptoms
- abnormality detected
- presents to primary healthcare provider
- investigation —— diagnosis —- staging&grading
2
Q
staging
A
decides anatomical extent (tumour stage)of tumour
3
Q
grading
A
decides type of cells within tumour
4
Q
why are staging and grading used ?
A
- predict clinical behaviours of malignancies
- shows appropiate treatment
- gives clear info between clinicians
5
Q
aim of staging pt1
A
- help clinician plan best treatment strategy
- indicates prognosis
- helps evaluate the results of treatment
6
Q
aims of staging pt2
A
- facilitate exchange of info between tx centres
- contributes to further investigations of cancers
7
Q
TNM systems is for
A
tumour
8
Q
TNM seperates patients into categories depending on
A
the size of tumour
9
Q
TNM is based on 3 components
A
T- extent of primary tumour
N- absence/presence & extent of regional lymph nodes metastasis
M- absence/ presence of distant mestastasis
10
Q
T0=
Tis=
T1,T2,T3,T4=
TX=
A
- no evidence of primary tumour
- carcinoma in situ
- increasing size &/or local extension of pt
- pt cant be assessed
11
Q
T1=
A
less /= 2cm in diameter
12
Q
t2=
A
between 2 and 4 cm
13
Q
t3=
A
more than 4cm
14
Q
t4=
A
tumour evade adjacent structures
15
Q
N0=
A
no regional lymph node mestastasis
