anatomy : face , scalp and muscles of facial expressions

Question 1

scalp

Answer 1

skin 
connective tissue 
Aponeurosis of occipitofrontalis muscle
loose areolar tissue
Periosteum of calvaria

Question 2

Muscles of facial expression:
originate from
innervated
most muscles arise from

Answer 2

• mesoderm of second pharyngeal arch
• terminal branches of facial nerve
• bone and insert into dermis

Question 3

Main muscles of the forehead :occipitofronatlis muscles (pair of muscles)
attached to

Answer 3

-epicranial fascia

Question 4

Palpebral Muscles around the orbit

orbicularis oculi two parts

Answer 4

Palpebral-closing eyes w/o effort eg blinking

Orbital- forced eye closure

Question 5

Palpebral
arises
insert

Answer 5

medial palpebral ligament - maxilla

: lateral palpebral raphe – zygomatic bone

Question 6

THE TARSAL PLATES (eyelid)
function
made up of

Answer 6

support eyelids

dense connective tissue

Question 7

Muscles of the nostrils : functions
Depressor septi
Dilator naris

Answer 7

Constrict apertures of the nares

resist the tendency of the nostrils to close from atmospheric pressure

Question 8

Orbicularis oris
fibres
responsible for

Answer 8

Intrinsic and extrinsic

compressing , closing

Question 9

Orbicularis oris extrinsic fibres
arise
insert

Answer 9

• modiolus

- the raphe with buccinator at modiolus

Question 10

buccinator muscle functions

Answer 10

smiling
Secondary muscle of mastication - Pushes food to the molars
controls the amount of open space in the mouth

Question 11

Risorius
origin
insert
action

Answer 11

• Parotid Fossa / fascia over the masseter muscle
• Modiolus
• Raises corner of mouth (smiling)

Question 12

2) Superficial temporal – transverse facial arteries supply blood to

Answer 12

Parotid gland, duct, masseter and skin

Question 13

3) Branches of ophthalmic supply

Answer 13

forehead which anastomose with superficial temporal

Question 14

facial vein

begins

Answer 14

merge of supratrochlear and supraorbital artery (angular artery)

Question 15

Transverse facial vein
drains into
joins

Answer 15

superficial temporal vein in parotid gland

retromandibular vein to form common facial vein with facial vein (drains to internal jugular vein to subclavian)

Question 16

cranial nerves and their innervation
olfactory
optic
oculomotor

Answer 16

• nose S
• eye S
• all eye muscles except those supplied by CN trigeminal and adbucens M

Question 17

cranial nerves and their innervation
trochlear
trigeminal
abducens

Answer 17

• superior oblique muscle M
• face sinuses teeth S ……muscles of mastication M
• external rectus muscle M

Question 18

cranial nerves and their innervation
facial
vestibulocochlear
glossopharyngeal

Answer 18

• muscles of face M
• inner ear S
• pharyngeal musculature M and post part of tongue, tonsil and pharynx S

Question 19

cranial nerves and their innervation

vagus

Answer 19

motor : heart, lungs , bronchi , gastrointestinal tract

sensory: heart, lungs , bronchi , gastrointestinal tract , trachea , larynx , pharynx , external ear

Question 20

cranial nerves and their innervation
accessory
hypoglossal
intermediate

Answer 20

• sternocleidomastoid and trapezius muscle M
• muscles of tongue M

-submaxillary and sublingual gland M
anterior part of tongue and soft palate S

Question 21

Facial Nerve consists of

Answer 21

1) Sensory and parasympathetic fibres (intermediate nerve)
2) Motor fibres

large motor / small sensory roots

Question 22

facial nerve exists skull thru

Answer 22

stylomastoid foramen

Question 23

Facial Nerve special sensory

Answer 23

Taste sensation from the anterior 2/3 of tongue and the hard and soft palates.

Question 24

Facial Nerve General sensory

Answer 24

✓ General sensation from the skin of the
concha of the auricle
✓ A small area behind the ear

Question 25

facial nerve Parasympathetic (rest) secretomotor

Answer 25

✓ Parasympathetic innervation of the lacrimal gland
✓ Submandibular and sublingual glands
✓ Mucous membranes of nasopharynx,
Hard and soft palate

Question 26

Facial Nerve Motor efferents

Answer 26

Supplies the muscles of facial expression

1) Temporal branch
2) Zygomatic branch
3) Buccal branch
4) Marginal mandibular branch
5) Cervical branch

Question 27

Facial Nerve Motor efferent functions

Answer 27

✓ Contraction of the muscles of the face
✓ Production of tears from Lacrimal gland
✓ Conveying the sense of taste from the front part of the
tongue (via the Chorda tympani nerve)
✓ The sense of touch at auricular conchae