anatomy : face , scalp and muscles of facial expressions Flashcards
scalp
skin connective tissue Aponeurosis of occipitofrontalis muscle loose areolar tissue Periosteum of calvaria
Muscles of facial expression:
originate from
innervated
most muscles arise from
- mesoderm of second pharyngeal arch
- terminal branches of facial nerve
- bone and insert into dermis
Main muscles of the forehead :occipitofronatlis muscles (pair of muscles)
attached to
-epicranial fascia
Palpebral Muscles around the orbit
orbicularis oculi two parts
Palpebral-closing eyes w/o effort eg blinking
Orbital- forced eye closure
Palpebral
arises
insert
medial palpebral ligament - maxilla
: lateral palpebral raphe – zygomatic bone
THE TARSAL PLATES (eyelid)
function
made up of
support eyelids
dense connective tissue
Muscles of the nostrils : functions
Depressor septi
Dilator naris
Constrict apertures of the nares
resist the tendency of the nostrils to close from atmospheric pressure
Orbicularis oris
fibres
responsible for
Intrinsic and extrinsic
compressing , closing
Orbicularis oris extrinsic fibres
arise
insert
- modiolus
- the raphe with buccinator at modiolus
buccinator muscle functions
smiling
Secondary muscle of mastication - Pushes food to the molars
controls the amount of open space in the mouth
Risorius
origin
insert
action
- Parotid Fossa / fascia over the masseter muscle
- Modiolus
- Raises corner of mouth (smiling)
2) Superficial temporal – transverse facial arteries supply blood to
Parotid gland, duct, masseter and skin
3) Branches of ophthalmic supply
forehead which anastomose with superficial temporal
facial vein
begins
merge of supratrochlear and supraorbital artery (angular artery)
Transverse facial vein
drains into
joins
superficial temporal vein in parotid gland
retromandibular vein to form common facial vein with facial vein (drains to internal jugular vein to subclavian)
cranial nerves and their innervation
olfactory
optic
oculomotor
- nose S
- eye S
- all eye muscles except those supplied by CN trigeminal and adbucens M
cranial nerves and their innervation
trochlear
trigeminal
abducens
- superior oblique muscle M
- face sinuses teeth S ……muscles of mastication M
- external rectus muscle M
cranial nerves and their innervation
facial
vestibulocochlear
glossopharyngeal
- muscles of face M
- inner ear S
- pharyngeal musculature M and post part of tongue, tonsil and pharynx S
cranial nerves and their innervation
vagus
motor : heart, lungs , bronchi , gastrointestinal tract
sensory: heart, lungs , bronchi , gastrointestinal tract , trachea , larynx , pharynx , external ear
cranial nerves and their innervation
accessory
hypoglossal
intermediate
- sternocleidomastoid and trapezius muscle M
- muscles of tongue M
-submaxillary and sublingual gland M
anterior part of tongue and soft palate S
Facial Nerve consists of
1) Sensory and parasympathetic fibres (intermediate nerve)
2) Motor fibres
large motor / small sensory roots
facial nerve exists skull thru
stylomastoid foramen
Facial Nerve special sensory
Taste sensation from the anterior 2/3 of tongue and the hard and soft palates.
Facial Nerve General sensory
✓ General sensation from the skin of the
concha of the auricle
✓ A small area behind the ear
facial nerve Parasympathetic (rest) secretomotor
✓ Parasympathetic innervation of the lacrimal gland
✓ Submandibular and sublingual glands
✓ Mucous membranes of nasopharynx,
Hard and soft palate
Facial Nerve Motor efferents
Supplies the muscles of facial expression
1) Temporal branch
2) Zygomatic branch
3) Buccal branch
4) Marginal mandibular branch
5) Cervical branch
Facial Nerve Motor efferent functions
✓ Contraction of the muscles of the face
✓ Production of tears from Lacrimal gland
✓ Conveying the sense of taste from the front part of the
tongue (via the Chorda tympani nerve)
✓ The sense of touch at auricular conchae
