Cervical spine

Question 1

function of cervical spine

Answer 1

protect nervous system via the vertebral canal and intervertebral foramen

provide attachment sites for muscles

Question 2

function of Ligaments and intervertebral discs

Answer 2

prevent hyper flexion and hyper extension of head

Question 3

function of C1 and C2

Answer 3

allow hyper extension, hyper flexion and lateral flexion

Question 4

Movement of the cervical vertebrae (neck)

Answer 4

flexion= bend forwards
extension =bend backwards
rotation= rotate spine
Lateral flexion= side to side
Circumduction= circular movement

Question 5

A kyphotic curve

Answer 5

convex curve in the spine

eg thoracic and sacrum

Question 6

A lordotic curve

Answer 6

concave

eg cervical and lumbar

Question 7

cervical spine has 3 foramina

Answer 7

2 transverse foramina.

1 vertebral

Question 8

where is bifid spinous process on the vertebra found

Answer 8

C2 through C6.

Question 9

Cervical vertebrae are divided into two regions

Answer 9

upper cervical region (C1 and C2)

lower ‘’ (C3 through C7)

Question 10

Three cervical vertebrae have a unique anatomical structure

Answer 10

C1 the atlas
C2 the axis
C7 the vertebra prominens

Question 11

function of atlas

Answer 11

supports the globe of the skull.

Question 12

atlas has no…

Answer 12

body or spinous process.

Question 13

the atlas consists of

Answer 13

a ring of bone made up of two lateral masses joined at the front and back by the anterior arch and the posterior arch

Question 14

the foramen magnum transmits

Answer 14

brainstem
meninges
spinal accessory
vertebral arteries

Question 15

the axis most distinct features

Answer 15

dens

Question 16

function of dens

Answer 16

allows head and atlas to rotate around it

Question 17

most distinctive feature of Vertebra prominens (C7)

Answer 17

a long and prominent spinous process

Question 18

in atlas , Posterior surface of anterior arch articulates…

held in place by…

Answer 18

with dens ,

transverse ligament of atlas

Question 19

anterior longitundinal ligament
how wide
runs
connect

Answer 19

1 inch
entire length of spine (occipital bone to sacrum)
anterior of verterbral body to annular fibrosis

Question 20

posterior longitundinal ligament
how wide
runs
lies
connects

Answer 20

same as A.L.L
‘’
anterior surface of verterbral canal
posterior ‘’

Question 21

ligamenta flava
runs
passes between
function

Answer 21

length of verterbral column
each lamina of adjacent verterbrae
resists seperation of lamina

Question 22

supraspinous ligament
runs
connects

Answer 22

c7 - sacrum

each tip of spinous process to another

Question 23

Interspinous ligaments
pass
attach

Answer 23

inbetween spinous process

from the base of each spinous process to blend with the supraspinous ligament posteriorly

Question 24

ligamentum nuchael
runs
becomes
structure
function

Answer 24

from c7 - skull (foramen magnum to ext. occipital pro.)
supraspinous ligament at c7
flat sheet
supports head, resists any excessive flexion and gravity

Question 25

cruciform ligament attaches…

Answer 25

dens to anterior arch of atlas

body of axis to foramen magnum

Question 26

tectorial membrane
starts
becomes

Answer 26

skull

posterior longitundal ligament

Question 27

what does the alar ligaments connect

Answer 27

the lateral surfaces of dens to the medial surfaces of occipital condyle

Question 28

in the atlas each mass articulates with

Answer 28

occipital condyles superiorly

Question 29

what does apical ligament connect to

Answer 29

dens to foramen magnum