anatomy : Nasal Cavity, Paranasal air sinuses Flashcards
Borders of the nasal cavity
Superior / inferior / posterior / anterior
- cribiform plate of Ethmoid bone and olfactory bulbs
- Hard palate and soft palate
- Chonnae (openings to the nasopharynx) and Pharyngeal tonsil
- Vestibule
the external nose consists fo two bony parts
- upper bony part
nasal bones that articulate in midline:
– Nasal process of frontal bone.
– Nasal process of maxillary bone.
the external nose consists fo two bony parts
2- lower cartilagenous part:
✓ Lateral cartilage – Nasal bones and maxilla ✓ Septal Cartilage – Nasal septum ✓ Alar cartilage – Areolar tissue
nasal cavity
antero-postero
wide
6-7cm
2cm
nasal cavity functions
respiration
olfaction
humidification
filtration
nasal cavity covered in
pseudostratified, ciliated columnar epithelium
Boundaries
roof
roof = floor of anterior cranial fossa
centrally. … cribiform plate
posteriorly. ..body of sphenoid
anteriorly. …frontal and nasal bones
boundaries
floor
floor=roof of oral cavity HARD PALATE 1. The palatal processes of the maxilla 2. Horizontal plate of the palatine bone SOFT PALATE
NASAL SEPTUM
3 contributions
1) Septal cartilage
2) Vertical plate of the ethmoid bone
3) Vomer
The ethmoid bone
3 contributions
- the cribriform plate,
- the perpendicular plate
- the ethmoidal labyrinth.
function of nasal conchae
✓ Increase the respiratory surface area
✓ Create turbulence within the passing air
✓ Warm, filter and moisten air coming in to the lungs
3 functional regions of the nasal cavity
determinded by
type of mucous membrane lining each region
3 functional regions of the nasal cavity
names
olfactory area
respiratory area
vestibular area
olfactory area
- type of cell
- contains
✓ ciliated columnar epithelium
✓ contains receptors of the olfactory
nerve
The respiratory area
✓ vascular mucoperiosteum of
pseudostratified ciliated columnar epithelium
✓ respiratory epithelium.
The vestibular area
lined by skin containing hair follicles
Nerve supply
general sensation is from…
sensations of…
- V-1 or V-2. (ophthalmic branch (anterior region) and maxillary branch (posterior region)
- touch, pressure and temperature
Special sensation is carried by
olfactory nerve
Olfactory receptor neurons in the olfactory mucosa project to the olfactory bulbs
Arterial supply of nose and nasal cavities
- Sphenopalatine branch of the maxillary (from external carotid)
- Anterior and posterior ethmoidal branches of the ophthalmic artery (external carotid)
Paranasal Air Sinuses
lined by
open into
innervated by
respiratory mucosa, which is ciliated and mucus secreting
nasal cavity
branches of the trigeminal nerve
innervations of
Maxillary sinuses
Frontal sinuses
Ethmoid sinus
Sphenoid sinus
V2 (maxillary)
V1 (opthalamic)
V1&2
V1&2
function of ostia
allow drainage of sinuses to the nasal cavities
function of Paranasal Air Sinuses
Lightening the skull
Add resonance to speech
Sinusitis
Infection of the sinuses Maxillary – cheek pain Frontal – headache Ethmoid – headache Sphenoid – pain around the eyes
