Diagnosis of Autoimmune Diseases Flashcards

1
Q

Sensitivity

A

The proportion of people who tested positive, out of everyone with the disease

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2
Q

Sepcificity

A

The proportion of people who tested negative, out of everyone without the disease

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3
Q

Positive predictive value

A

The proportion of people with the disease, out of everyone who tested positive

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4
Q

Negative predictive value

A

The proportion of people without the disease, out of everyone who tested negative

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5
Q

Non specific markers of systemic inflammation

A

CRP-produced acutely by liver in inflammation
ESR- viscocity of plasma increases in inflammatory response
Fibrinogen
Albumin decreases- liver is too busy
Complement decreases- complement factors consumed

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6
Q

Antinuclear antibodies (ANA)

A

Attack nuclei of lymphocytes in patients with SLE. Sometimes found in patients with infection.

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7
Q

2 specific types of ANA

A

Extractable nuclear antigens (ENA), or dsDNA

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8
Q

Describe the sensitivity and specificity of the ANA test

A

High sensitivity, low specificiy- identifies everyone with SLE, but some identified in infection

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9
Q

A test used to measure up to 20 autoimmune markers in a single serum sample

A

Multiplex assessment of non-organ specific autoantibody with a novel microbead-based immunoassay

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10
Q

Rheumatoid Factor

A

Presents in RA. An autoantibody that targets the Fc region of IgG, but if too high, can precipitate, causing localised vasculitis or RA. Can also be seen in chronic infections.

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11
Q

Anti CCP (ACPA)

A

more specific biomarker for RAB. Present in 95% patients with RA. Autoantibody against proteins released in cell death.

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12
Q

The 2 types of Anti neutrophilic cytoplasmic antibodies (ANCA)

A

Cytoplasmic ANCA- target PR3 protein in cytoplasm

Perinuclear ANCA- target MPO protein in nucleus

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13
Q

What propotion of people with systemic vasculitis are ANCA negative?

A

10-50%. It often still presents after the disease has subsided.

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14
Q

Autoimmune biomarker for autoimmune liver disease

A

Anti-mitochondrial Abs for biliary sclerosis

Anti-smooth muscle and anti-liver/kidney/microsomal Abs found in autoimmune hepatitis

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15
Q

Autoimmune biomarkers in type 1 diabetes

A

Islet cell Ab

Anti GAD65 and anti GAD67

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