Acute Leukaemia Flashcards

1
Q

Accumulation of early myeloid or lymphoid precursors in the bone marrow, blood and other tissues

A

Acute leukaemia

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2
Q

Accumulation of early myeloid or lymphoid precursors in the bone marrow, blood and other tissues

A

Acute leukaemia

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3
Q

2 major groups of acute leukaemia

A

Acute lymphoblastic leukaemia

Acute myeloid leukaemia

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4
Q

Hamatopoietic blast cells constitute what proportion of the bone marrow?

A

> 20%

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5
Q

Clinical features of acute leukaemia

A

Features of bone marrow failure:

anaemia, infections, early bruising or haemorrhage, organ infiltration by leukaemic cells, ecchymoses

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6
Q

Give 2 examples of infections you might get in acute leukaemia

A

Staph A infection of orbit

Perianal infection with strep. faecalis, E.coli or oral candida

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7
Q

Why do you get ecchymoses in acute leukaemia

A

Thrombocytopenia

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8
Q

What is the difference between primary and secondary AML

A

Secondary AML follows previous myeloproliferative or myelodysplastic disease

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9
Q

What age group does AML affect?

A

All ages

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10
Q

Prognosis of AML

A

30-50% 15-55yrs

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11
Q

Type of acute leukaemia resulting from a chromosomal transolation in utero

A

ALL

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12
Q

Most common malignancy in childhood

A

AML

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13
Q

Prognosis of AML in childhood

A

80% cured

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14
Q

Lab features of acute leukaemia

A

Anaemia
Neutropenia
Thrombocytopenia

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15
Q

Lab features of acute leukaemia

A

Anaemia
Neutropenia
Thrombocytopenia

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16
Q

2 major groups of acute leukaemia

A

Acute lymphoblastic leukaemia

Acute myeloid leukaemia

17
Q

Hamatopoietic blast cells constitute what proportion of the bone marrow?

A

> 20%

18
Q

Clinical features of acute leukaemia

A

Features of bone marrow failure:

anaemia, infections, early bruising or haemorrhage, organ infiltration by leukaemic cells, ecchymoses

19
Q

Give 2 examples of infections you might get in acute leukaemia

A

Staph A infection of orbit

Perianal infection with strep. faecalis, E.coli or oral candida

20
Q

Why do you get ecchymoses in acute leukaemia

A

Thrombocytopenia

21
Q

What is the difference between primary and secondary AML

A

Secondary AML follows previous myeloproliferative or myelodysplastic disease

22
Q

What age group does AML affect?

A

All ages

23
Q

Prognosis of AML

A

30-50% 15-55yrs

24
Q

Type of acute leukaemia resulting from a chromosomal transolation in utero

A

ALL

25
Q

Most common malignancy in childhood

A

AML

26
Q

Prognosis of AML in childhood

A

80% cured

27
Q

4 major clinical features of acute leukaemia

A
28
Q

Lab features of acute leukaemia

A

Anaemia
Neutropenia
Thrombocytopenia

29
Q

Define neutropenic fever

A

Pyrexia in the presence of a neutrophil count

30
Q

Treatment of neutropenic fever

A

Broad spectrum IV antibiotics within 30 mins of temperature- tazocin or gentamicin