Antibiotic Resistance Flashcards
Staph A typcially resistant to which antibiotics
Meticillin
Enterococci typically resistant to which antibiotics
Vancomycin/glycopeptide
Enterobacteriacae typically resistant to which antibiotics?
Beta lactams (produce beta lactamase)
In sensitivity testing, the area around the antibiotics where bacteria cannot grow
Zone of Inhibition
Alternative to solid media sensitivity testing that gives a more accurate measurement of MIC
Liquid media- microtitre plate susceptibility testing
Which antibiotic cannot travel through gram -ve bacilli?
Vancomycin
Uptake of aminoglycosides requires what?
An O2 dependent active transport mechanism
Describe the target alteration in MRSA
Altered penicillin binding proteins- bacteria does not bind beta lactams
Describe the target alteration in enterococci
Altered protein sequence in gram +ve peptidoglycan
Describe the target alteration in gram -ve bacilli
mutations in dihydrofolate reductase gene- resistant to trimethoprim
Horizontal transfer of resistance is enabled by what?
Transporons and integrons
Process by which bacteria exchange genetic material in horizontal transfer
Conjugation
Give 4 examples of acute viral infections
Influenza, measles, mumps, hep A
Give 2 examples of latent chronic viral infections
HSV, CMV
Give 3 examples of persistant chronic viral infections
HIV, Hep B, Hep C