Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

Urinary > Diabetic Nephropathy > Flashcards

Diabetic Nephropathy Flashcards

1
Q

What is diabetic nephropathy?

A

Chronic high level of glucose passing through the glomerulus causes scarring

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

What is diabteic nephropathy the most common cause of?

A

CKD

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

What is glomerulosclerosis?

A

Scarring due to the high levels of glucose passing through the glomerulus

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

What is a key feature of diabetic nephropathy?

A

Proteinuria

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

Why is proteinuria a key feature of diabetic nephropathy?

A

Damage to the glomerulus allows protein to be filtered from blood to urine

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

What should all patients with diabetes have done annually?

A

Screening using urinary albumin:creatinine ratio (ACR)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

What ACR would suggest microalbuminuria?

A

ACR > 2.5

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

When should the urine sample be taken to test for microalbuminuria?

A

Early in the morning

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

What is dietary management of diabetic nephropathy?

A

Limit dietary protein

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

What should be tightly controlled in someone with diabteic nephropathy?

A

Glycaemic control
Blood pressure

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

What should the blood pressure be maintained at in someone with diabetic nephropathy?

A

<130/80mmHg

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

What is the medical management of diabetic nephropathy?

A

ACE inhibitor or angiotensin-II receptor antagonist

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

What is the medical management of choice in someone with diabetic nephropathy?

A

ACEi

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

When should ACEi be started in someone with diabteic nephropathy?

A

Urinary ACR of 3 mg/mmol or more

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

What is diabetic nephropathy the most common cause of in the UK?

A

ESRD

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

What type of condition is diabetic nephropathy?

A

Microvascular complication due to chronic hyperglycemia

17
Q

What are the 3 major changes that occur in diabetic nephropathy?

A

thickening of capillary basement membrane
excessive production of extracellular matrix
scarring of the glomeruli (= glomerulosclerosis)

18
Q

How does diabetic nephropathy present?

A
  • early disease is asymptomatic
  • deterioration of renal function and development of CKD
  • associated hypertension
19
Q

What is an ACR > 2.5 mg/mmol classified as?

A

Microalbuminuria

20
Q

What is an ACR > 3 mg/mmol classified as?

A

Proteinuria

21
Q

What is the target blood pressure for type 1 diabetics?

A

<135/85mmHg

22
Q

What is the target blood pressure for type 2 diabetics?

A

<130/80mmHg

Urinary (38 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions