diabetic embriopathy

Question 1

clinica

Answer 1

Effects
-Congenital heart disease: transposition of the great vessels, ventricular septal defect, truncus arteriosus, tricuspid atresia, patent ductus arteriosus, dextrocardia

-Neural tube defects

-Caudal regression syndrome: rare structural anomaly of the caudal region; aplasia or hypoplasia of the sacrum or lumbosacral spine
Clinical features
Mild to severe motor function impairment, paralysis, and/or bladder incontinence
Anorectal malformations and sacral agenesis
Lower limb or foot deformities are common.
Prognosis
Severe disease in the neonatal period often results in infant death secondary to cardiac and renal complications.
Children who survive develop normally and lead normal lives.

• Duodenal atresia
• Small left colon syndrome: self-limiting inability to pass meconium
• Vertebral anomalies
• Cleft palate
• Flexion contracture of the limbs
• Renal agenesis

Question 2

Fisiopatologia

Answer 2

hyperglycemia → inhibition of myoinositol uptake → abnormalities in the arachidonic acid-prostaglandin pathway → birth defects and spontaneous abortion