dental anomalies quiz Flashcards
What is Oligodontia?
More than 6 missing teeth.
What is Anodontia?
Total lack of 1 or both dentitions.
True or False - In the primary dentition, it is most often seen that the maxillary lateral incisor is affected by hypodontia?
True
Name 4 syndromes most likely to be associated with hypodontia.
- Cleft lip and palate.
- Down Syndrome
- Ectodermal Displasia
- Oral facial digital syndrome.
Which syndrome do the following characteristics describe?
- not a single disorder but a group of closely related conditions.
- multiple missing teeth (hypodontia)
- small conical teeth (microdontia)
- thin sparse hair
- dry skin
- absence of sweating (heat intolerance)
- retrusive hypopastic maxilla
- x-linked hypohidrotic (worse in males), autosomal dominant/recessive
Ectodermal Dysplasia
Which term refers to submerged teeth?
Infraocclusion
List 4 descriptors of how hyperdontia teeth can appear.
- Supplemental (resemble normal teeth).
- Supernumerary (tubercular/conical).
- Anterior Maxilla Midline (mesiodens)
- Paramolars or Distomolars.
- Odontomes
Syndromes that hyperdontia may be associated with:
- Oral-facial digital syndrome.
- Gardeners Syndrome.
- Cleidocranial Dysplasia.
- Cleft Lip and Palate
True or False - around 1 in 3 supernumerary teeth will erupt.
True
Which syndrome is described:
- multiple supernumerary teeth
- autosomal dominant condition
- aplasia/hypoplasia of clavicles
- frontal and parietal bossing.
- delayed closure of anterior fontanelle
- delayed/failed permanent tooth eruption.
Cleidocranial Dysplasia
Describe the management of hyperdontia.
- Diagnose - delayed eruption, diastema.
- Investigate - palpate, take parallax radiographs.
- Treat - mesiodens erupt palatally; XLA and monitor incisor eruption.
- Refer - if continued failure of incisors to erupt.
- GDP - prevention & support.
aim to optimise treatment planning from an early age
True or False - Macrodontia is most likely to be generalised.
False - more likely to be localised.
Most commonly found in upper 1s and lower 5s.
Associated with fusion and germination.
What anomaly is associated with pituitary gigantism, unilateral facial hyperplasia and hereditary gingival fibromatosis?
Macrodontia
Describe germination.
1 tooth germ forming 2 teeth (normal tooth number)
What is hypercementosis?
Excessive buildup of cementum on the roots of 1 or more teeth.
Gives the tooth an enlarged appearance.
Chemotherapy, irradiation, orthodontic treatment can all potentially result in what abnormality?
Short Roots
Which anomaly do these characteristics describe?
Dens Invaginatus
(also called odontome or dens in denote)
What stage of tooth development is associated with dens invaginatus?
Morphodifferentiation
True or False - there is a risk of rapid caries progression in invagination, followed by pulpal pathology.
True
What anomaly is being described:
- impacts morphodifferentiation
- enlarged tooth body vertically
- shorter roots
- apically displaced furcation
- late/failed invagination of hertwig’s root sheath
- 6% mandibular permanent molars
- associated with trisomy 21, ectodermal dysplasia and amelogenesis imperfecta
Taurodontism
The most common microdont tooth.
Upper Lateral Incisor
True or False - amelogenesis imperfecta affects only the permanent dentition.
False - affects all teeth in the permanent and primary dentition.
Amelogenesis Imperfecta is inherited by which pattern of inheritance?
a. X-Linked
b. Sporadic
c. Autosomal Recessive
d. All of the above
e. Autosomal Dominant
D - although AI is typically characterised by the phenotype.
Dentinogenesis Imperfecta is inherited by which pattern of inheritance?
Autosomal Dominant - one parent is most likely affected.
Describe dentinogenesis imperfecta.
Pts present with opalescent grey/brown teeth which may have bulbous crowns.
Enamel may chip away leaving exposed dentine.
Pulp may show to be obliterated radiographically.
What is the prevalence of hypodontia in the permanent dentition?
6.4%
What is the cause of Taurodontism?
Late or failed invagination of Hertwigs Root Sheath
3 conditions associated with Taurodontism
Trisomy 21 (down’s syndrome)
Ectodermal Dysplasia
Amelogenesis Imperfecta
Name 2 potential common causes of localised enamel defects.
- Trauma
- infection
Which gene is mutated in X Linked Amelogenesis Imperfecta?
AMLEX (amelogenin)
Which gene is mutated when dentinogenesis imperfecta occurs by itself?
DSPP
Which gene is mutated when dentinogenesis imperfecta occurs alongside osteogenesis imperfecta?
Type 1 Collagen
Which condition causes Mulberry Molars and Hutchinson’s Incisors?
Congenital Syphilis
What is Dens Invaginitis?
Invagination of the crown lined with enamel.
What is the difference between type 1 and 2 dentinogenesis imperfecta?
type 1 - associated with osteogenesis imperfects, defective type 1 collagen.
type 2 - occurs by itself, defective DSPP.
Which condition causes early exfoliation of teeth?
hyperphosphatasia - the condition with BLUE SCLERA.
(excess of alkaline phosphate in the blood)
Between what weeks of development does Cleft Lip and Palate occur?
Weeks 6-12
During which week does the dental lamina form?
Week 6
