DEHYDRATION

Question 1

Process of REMOVING WATER from the tissue following fixation in preparation for wax impregnation

Answer 1

Dehydration

Question 2

Dehydration is accomplished through the use of _____________ grades of alcohol

Answer 2

ASCENDING/INCREASING GRADES OF ALCOHOL starting from 7-% concentration

70% —> 95% —> 100%

Question 3

Dehydrating agent should not be _____ the volume of the tissue

Answer 3

<10 TIMES

Question 4

Indication of incomplete dehydration

Answer 4

MILKY XYLENE

Question 5

CHARACTERISTICS OF AN IDEAL DEHYDRATING SOLUTION

Answer 5

1. Should DEHYDRATE RAPIDLY
2. NOT EVAPORATE FAST
3. DEHYDRATE EVEN FATTY TISSUES
4. HARDEN TISSUES EXCESSIVELY
5. NOT REMOVE STAINS
6. NOT BE TOXIC
7. NOT BE A FIRE HAZARD

Question 6

Most commonly used, fast-acting dehydrating agent; alcohol recommended for routine dehydration of tissues; the best dehydrating agent in tissue processing because it is fast acting, it mixes with water and many organic solvents, penetrates tissue easily

Answer 6

ETHYL ALCOHOL

Question 7

_____________ is a form of ethanol through a mixture of methanol that is UNFIT for human consumption

Answer 7

DENATURED ALCOHOL

Question 8

A layer of anhydrous COPPER SULFATE 91/4 inch) placed in the bottom of the container and covered with filter paper:

• If color of copper sulfate is BLUE, it means:
• If color of copper sulfate is WHITE/CLEAR, it means:

Answer 8

A layer of anhydrous COPPER SULFATE 91/4 inch) placed in the bottom of the container and covered with filter paper:

• If color of copper sulfate is BLUE, it means:
  PRESENCE OF WATER —> INCOMPLATE DEHYDRATION
• If color of copper sulfate is WHITE/CLEAR, it means:
  ABSENCE OF WATER —> COMPLETE DEHYDRATION

Question 9

DEHYDRATING AGENTS

Answer 9

1. Ethyl alcohol
2. Methyl alcohol
3. Isopropyl alcohol
4. Butyl alcohol
5. Acetone
6. Dioxane 9diethlene dioxide)
7. tetrahydrofuran (THF)
8. Cellosolve (ethylene glycol monoethylether)
9. Triethyl phosphate

METHYL ALCOHOL

Question 10

Best all-around ethanol-substitute useful in microwave processing techniques

Answer 10

ISOPROPYL ALCOHOL

Question 11

Ideal for plant and animal tissue for it is regarded to have a slow penetrating action

Answer 11

BUTYL ALCOHOL

Question 12

A fixative and dehydrating agent; rapid acting and very cheap utilized for urgent biopsies (dehydrate in 30 minutes to 2 hours)

Answer 12

ACETONE

Question 13

A toxic dehydrating agent, primarily employed for blood and tissue films and for smear preparation

Answer 13

METHYL ALCOHOL

Question 14

An excellent dehydrating and clearing agent miscible in water, xylol, paraffin and alcohol; May EXPLODE UPON AIR EXPOSURE and cumulatively toxic and carcinogenic

Answer 14

DIOXANE (DIETHYLENE DIOXIDE)

Question 15

REMEMBER! MGA PUMUPUTOK!

1. FORMALIN - Should bot be neutralized as this may explode
2. PICRIC ACID - highly explosive when DRY
3. DIOXANE - may explode upon air exposure

Question 16

REMEMBER!!
- COCONUT OIL is an EFFICIENT SUBSTITUTE FOR XYELENE
- TOLUENE is the substitute for XYELENE and BENZENE
- ISOPROPYL ALCOHOL is the best-all around substitute for ETHANOL