Deck 8 Flashcards

1
Q

Lysosome is released from:

A

endoplasmic reticulum

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2
Q

Lysosome is an:

A

enzyme

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3
Q

Several of the complement proteins are:

A

proenzymes

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4
Q

The single best defining description of the classical pathway of complement activation:

A

It utilizes complement component C1r

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5
Q

Early components of the complement pathway are:

A

C1, C4, C2 and C3

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6
Q

Complement components composed of the membrane attack complex:

A

C5b, C6, C7, C8 and C9

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7
Q

Function of C3b:

A

mediates opsonisation

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8
Q

C9 has:

A

perforin-like activity

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9
Q

Primary lymphoid organs provide:

A

the microenvironment for maturation of T and B cells

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10
Q

Pattern recognition receptors include:

A

Toll-like receptors

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11
Q

The basic immunoglobulin unit is composed of:

A

two identical heavy and two identical light chains

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12
Q

An isolated antigen determinant that has the ability to react specifically with antigens but cannot induce their formation is called a:

A

hapten

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13
Q

A fragment binding Fab fragment binds:

A

antigen

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14
Q

Describe the difference between anaphylaxis and anaphylactoid:

A

Anaphylaxis is an immediate systemic reaction caused by rapid IgE-mediated immune release of potent mediators from tissue mast cells and peripheral blood basophils.
Anaphylactoid reactions are immediate systemic reactions that mimix anaphylaxis but are not caused by IgE-mediated immune responses.

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15
Q

Who has IgY in their serum?

A

birds

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16
Q

What granulocyte induce inflammation?

A

basophils

17
Q

Protein A release what immunoglobulin first?

A

IgA

18
Q

Describe tuberculin test:

A

Tuberculin reaction = type IV hypersensitivity
Agent can be M. bovis, M. tuberculosis or M. avium
PPD is used to skin test animals - non-specific.
Causes delayed hypersensitivity reaction
Red, hard swelling at injection site within 12-24 hours, and may persist for several weeks.
Lesion is infiltrated with mononuclear cells, and is mediated by T cells.
Positive skin test for bovine tuberculosis: one has memory Th1 cells specific for M. bovis

19
Q

Explain the difference between immunogenicity and antigenicity:

A

Immunogenicity is the ability of a foreign substance, such as an antigen, to provoke an immune response in the body of a human or other animal.
Antigenicity is the capacity of a chemical structure to bind specifically with a group of certain products that have adaptive immunity, like TCR or BCR.

20
Q

What is a toxoid vaccine?

A

A vaccine produced to control diseases caused by bacterial toxins
They consist of inactivated native toxins (toxoids) combined with adjuvants
- diphteria and tetanus are the 2 most common
they convert the toxin into a toxoid

21
Q
A