Deck 12 Flashcards
Lymphocytes recognizing the native forms of antigens are:
B-cells
Lymphocytes recognizing only processing antigens are:
T cells
Lymphocytes activating macrophages are:
Th1
Positive selection of T lymphocytes ensures that the cell that recognize
self MHC molecule survive
Negative selection of T lymphocytes ensures that the cells that recognize
self Ag are killed
For the process of genetic recombination, which enzyme is required?
RAG (recombination activation gene)
The strong binding of leukocytes to the activated endothelium includes the prescience of pro-inflammatory cytokines and chemotactic molecules that activate the expression of:
integrins, on the surface of circulating leukocytes
The slowing of movement and rolling of leukocytes along the vascular endothelium induces the presence of pro-inflammatory cytokines and chemotactic molecules that activate the expression of:
selectins, on the surface of circulating leukocytes and activated endothelium
The extravasation of leukocytes through the intact capillary wall by diapedesis is mediated by interactions between _______on migrating leukocytes and endothelial cells
PECAM
Platelet endothelial cell adhesion molecule
Complement plays an important role in __________ immunity:
innate/humoral
The classical complement pathway is activated by the binding of:
C1q complement component to IgM or IgG antibody in antigen-antibody complexes
Lymphocytes are antigen-:
specific
The role of the thymus is to:
ensure maturation of T lymphocytes
The role of the bone marrow is to:
ensure maturation of B lymphocytes
Describe the flow of fluids in the body:
- Blood capillaries
- Interstitium
- Lymphatic capillaries
- Ductus thoracicus
- Blood veins
Basophil granulocyte stimulate:
inflammation and allergic reactions
Neutrophil granulocyte is for:
phagocytosis
M cells stimulate:
antigen collection on the mucosal surface
Dendritic cells are for:
antigen presentation (APC)
Eosinophil granulocyte:
killing of worm parasites
Macrophage:
phagocytosis and antigen presentation (APC)
Phagocytic cells are called:
phagocytes - neutrophils, leukocytes and macrophages
Name the vesicle formed when phagocytic cells fuse:
phagosome, or phagolysosome when fused with lysosome
What activates B lymphocytes?
IgM
Difference between defensins and adhesins:
Adhesins (selectins/integrins) are found on high endothelial cells and are specific for different lymphoid tissues. They play role of addressins, helping the lymphocyte identify where they can exit to tissues.
Ex.: MAdCAM (mucosal vascular addressin Cell Adhesion Molecule)
Defensins are small cationic antimicrobial peptides with 3 disulfide bridges, which binds to the microbial cell membrane, forming pore-like defects that results in membrane disruption and microbial death. They help neutrophils and macrophages to kill engulfed bacteria.
How does live vaccines work?
Live attenuated vaccines is prepared from weakened disease-causing pathogens.
The vaccines can replicate and induce both cellular and humoral immunity.
Disadv.: some may possess residual virulence, that may be contaminated. Require extensive care in storage and handling to avoid this.
