Deck 6

Question 1

The exogenous antigen is processed:

Answer 1

By the endosomal processing pathway

Question 2

In germinal centres, B cells undergo a process of:

Answer 2

Somatic hypermutation
Differentiation into plasma cells and memory B cells
Class switching

Question 3

Mitogens are substances that have the ability to induce:

Answer 3

Cell proliferation

Question 4

Which class of antibodies is the major isotope of antibodies in saliva, tears and milk?

Answer 4

IgA

Question 5

Cytokines that play an important role in the development of chronic inflammatory responses are:

Answer 5

IFN-y and TNF-a

Question 6

Cellular immunity includes:

Answer 6

Nk cells performing killing of tumour cells
MHC-restricted cytotoxic T cells killing virus-infected cells
Activated macrophages kill phagocytosed bacteria

Question 7

A tuberculin test should be evaluated after:

Answer 7

24-72 hours

Question 8

Ligand for KIR receptors on NK cells are:

Answer 8

Class I MHC molecule

Question 9

Steps in respiratory burst:

Answer 9

1: NOX is activated, and converts NADPH to NADP+ creating superoxide O2-
2: Activation of superoxide dismutase and production of H2O2
3: Activation myeloperoxidase and production of OCL-

Question 10

Th1 cells secretes cytokines which:

Answer 10

Activate macrophages

Question 11

Which mechanisms are involved in removal of extracellular bacteria:

Answer 11

Opsonisation
Phagocytosis
Lysis by activated complement

Question 12

Endogenous antigen presentation requires delivery of antigen peptides to the endoplasmic reticulum by:

Answer 12

TAP molecules

Question 13

Immunogenicity means the ability of a substance to:

Answer 13

induce the development of specific immunity

Question 14

T-dependant (TD) antigens are:

Answer 14

Proteins

Question 15

T-independent (TI) antigen can stimulate the production of:

Answer 15

IgM only

Question 16

The inhibitory effect on the activation of the alternative pathway has:

Answer 16

Factor H, which is a cofactor for factor I, which is responsible for the enzymatic cleavage of the activated component C3b to inactivate iC3b

Question 17

Cytotoxic T-cells interact with target cells by recognizing:

Answer 17

Foreign protein-MHC complexes

Question 18

Gene conversion is a biological mechanism that:

Answer 18

increases the diversity of antibodies produced by plasma cells

Question 19

Somatic hypermutation is a biological mechanism that:

Answer 19

increases specificity of antibodies produced by plasma cells

Question 20

3 characteristics of systemic inflammation, for which proinflammatory cytokines are responsible:

Answer 20

Pain, swelling, redness, heat