Deck 6 Flashcards
The exogenous antigen is processed:
By the endosomal processing pathway
In germinal centres, B cells undergo a process of:
Somatic hypermutation
Differentiation into plasma cells and memory B cells
Class switching
Mitogens are substances that have the ability to induce:
Cell proliferation
Which class of antibodies is the major isotope of antibodies in saliva, tears and milk?
IgA
Cytokines that play an important role in the development of chronic inflammatory responses are:
IFN-y and TNF-a
Cellular immunity includes:
Nk cells performing killing of tumour cells
MHC-restricted cytotoxic T cells killing virus-infected cells
Activated macrophages kill phagocytosed bacteria
A tuberculin test should be evaluated after:
24-72 hours
Ligand for KIR receptors on NK cells are:
Class I MHC molecule
Steps in respiratory burst:
1: NOX is activated, and converts NADPH to NADP+ creating superoxide O2-
2: Activation of superoxide dismutase and production of H2O2
3: Activation myeloperoxidase and production of OCL-
Th1 cells secretes cytokines which:
Activate macrophages
Which mechanisms are involved in removal of extracellular bacteria:
Opsonisation
Phagocytosis
Lysis by activated complement
Endogenous antigen presentation requires delivery of antigen peptides to the endoplasmic reticulum by:
TAP molecules
Immunogenicity means the ability of a substance to:
induce the development of specific immunity
T-dependant (TD) antigens are:
Proteins
T-independent (TI) antigen can stimulate the production of:
IgM only
The inhibitory effect on the activation of the alternative pathway has:
Factor H, which is a cofactor for factor I, which is responsible for the enzymatic cleavage of the activated component C3b to inactivate iC3b
Cytotoxic T-cells interact with target cells by recognizing:
Foreign protein-MHC complexes
Gene conversion is a biological mechanism that:
increases the diversity of antibodies produced by plasma cells
Somatic hypermutation is a biological mechanism that:
increases specificity of antibodies produced by plasma cells
3 characteristics of systemic inflammation, for which proinflammatory cytokines are responsible:
Pain, swelling, redness, heat
