Cycles (10) Flashcards
Word equation for photosynthesis
Carbon dioxide + water –> glucose + oxygen
Word equation for respiration
Glucose + oxygen –> water + carbon dioxide
What sort of bacteria carry out nitrification
Nitrifying bacteria
Plants absorbing nitrates through their roots and turning them into protein is called ________________
Assimilation
Why is acid rain acidic
Because Co2 is dissolved in it
Nitrates in the soil can be turned back into ______________ gas in the atmosphere by ______________ bacteria and this process is called _________________
Nitrogen
Denitrifying
Denitrification
Decomposition is the __________ of dead organisms, such as bread. The process releases inorganic mineral ions, such as _________, in the soil
Decay
Nitrates
Carbon cycle: Decomposition (decay) releases a gas called _________ _________ into the air
Carbon dioxide
Carbon cycle: Carbon dioxide is taken out of the air by plants and used in a process called _________________ to make food
Photosynthesis
What is the name of the process used to describe dead organisms and faeces turning into ammonium salts
Decay
Name one type of chemical substance produced by a pea plant which contains the element nitrogen
Amino acids
Nitrogen cycle: What is nitrification
Ammonia in soil becoming nitrites
Nitrogen cycle:
Ammonia in soil ——> __________ ——–> __________
Ammonia in soil —> Nitrites —> Nitrates
What gas, found in air is needed for burning to happen
Oxygen
What can decomposers do
Break down solid waste materials from animals
What is decay
The breakdown of materials in dead animals and plants
Microbes break down faster when they are in _______ and ________ conditions
Warm and moist
Many microbes work better if there is more ___________ in their environment
Oxygen
Carbon cycle: Photosynthesis causes the amount of carbon dioxide in the air to _____________
Decrease
Carbon cycle: Decay causes the amount of carbon dioxide in the air to _____________
Increase
Carbon cycle: Burning causes the amount of carbon dioxide in the air to _____________
Increase
Carbon cycle: Respiration causes the amount of carbon dioxide in the air to _____________
Increase
Carbon cycle: Co2 begins in the ______________. Plants take in the carbon dioxide and ___________________ and it goes back into the atmosphere by ____________
Atmosphere
Photosynthesise
Respiration
Carbon cycle: Animals take Co2 from plants and then ___________ so it goes back into the atmosphere
Respire
Carbon cycle: Plants, trees and animals die and Co2 returns to the atmosphere by _______________
Decomposers
Carbon cycle: Plants and animals end up in deposits underground and form _________ _______. And then Co2 returns to the atmosphere from the _______________ (burning) of fossil fuels
Fossil fuels
Combustion
Carbon cycle: Animals use Co2 in oceans and then die and become fossils, so Co2 ______________ into oceans
Dissolves
Carbon cycle: Co2 from volcanoes goes back into the _____________
Atmosphere
Nitrogen cycle: How does nitrogen gas become protein plants
By nitrogen-fixing bacteria
Nitrogen cycle: __________ can fix N2 in soil as nitrares
Lightning
Nitrogen cycle: Name 2 ways nitrogen leaves the atmosphere
Lightning
Free-living nitrogen-fixing bacteria
Nitrogen-fixing bacteria in root nodules of legumes (peas, beans, clover)
Nitrogen cycle: How does ammonia (NH3) become Nitrites
By nitrifying bacteria
Nitrogen cycle: How do nitrites (NO2) become nitrates (NO3-)
Also by nitrifying bacteria
Nitrogen cycle: Decomposers turn the protein in dead things into ____________
Ammonia
Nitrogen cycle: What sort of bacteria carry out nitrification
Nitrifying bacteria
Carbon cycle: Photosynthesis ‘fixes’ carbon atoms from Co2 into __________ compounds
Organic
Nitrogen cycle: Decomposers produce ammonia from the nitrogen in ___________, ________ ______ and vitamins
Proteins
Amino acids
Vitamins
What is leaching
Rainwater washing nitrates out of soil
Why are fungi called decomposers
Because they break down dead things
Give one type of decomposer
Bacteria
Detritus feeders such as maggots and worms start the process of ________, and _________________ finish it
Decay
Decomposers
Micro-organisms digest the dead and ____________ material
Decaying
Name 3 conditions needed for decay
Warm
Moist
Oxygen
Carbon cycle: Name 3 ways Co2 returns to the air
Burning
Respiration of animals
Respiration of plants
Volcanoes
Carbon cycle: Name 2 ways Co2 leaves the environment
Photosynthesis
Dissolving into oceans
