CV diseases of the arteries - symptoms and clinical manifestations

Question 1

what are the three possible symptoms of transient ischemia?

Answer 1

stable angina pectoris, prizmetal angina, silent ischemia/ stress induced ischemia

Question 2

what are aggravating and relieving factors of stable angina pectoris?

Answer 2

• worsens with activity and stress
• better with rest and relaxation

Question 3

what does stable angina pectoris feel like? what may patients report?

Answer 3

• feels like chest discomfort or indigestion
• patients may report pain that radiates to the jaw, arm and neck

Question 4

what is prizmetal angina characterized by? when does it usually occur?

Answer 4

• unpredictable
• can occur at rest
• it is benign and usually occurs at night

Question 5

what is prizmetal angina caused by?

Answer 5

vasospasms

Question 6

what do individuals with silent ischemia usually complain of?

Answer 6

fatigue, dyspnea, unease

Question 7

what are the manifestations of myocardial infarction?

Answer 7

sudden angina pectoris, pain may radiate to arm or jaw dyspnea, diaphoresis, nausea vomiting

Question 8

what are some factors that can cause LV damage and ultimately left heart failure?

Answer 8

MI, HTN, diabetes, excessive ETOH use, obesity, cardiac defects, genetic heart condition, renal failure and age

Question 9

what are the symptoms of left heart failure?

Answer 9

dyspnea, orthopnea, cough of frothy sputum, fatigue, decreased urine output, edema

Question 10

what does the physical examination reveal about someone with left heart failure?

Answer 10

pulmonary edema, hypo or hypertension or underlying signs of CAD or hypertension