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Question 1

what is the purpose of high hydrostatic pressure

Answer 1

to force blood out of the heart

Question 2

what is the purpose of low hydrostatic pressure

Answer 2

to bring blood back into the heart

Question 3

what is the heart primary purpose

Answer 3

to maintain pressure

Question 4

what is the function of blood vessels

Answer 4

to transport blood

Question 5

name from the oxygenated end through to the deoxygenated end of the blood vessels

Answer 5

arteries, arterioles, capillaries, veneules, veins

Question 6

what is the pulmonary circuit

Answer 6

a network of blood vessels connecting the heart and the lungs

Question 7

what is the systematic circuit

Answer 7

network of blood vessels connecting heart to body

Question 8

what is pericardium

Answer 8

tough connective tissue protecting heart

Question 9

other than protection what other 3 roles does pericardium have

Answer 9

anchor heart into place, prevent overfilling with blood, provide friction free environment during beats

Question 10

name the 2 layers of pericardium

Answer 10

fibrous pericardium and serous pericardium

Question 11

name the 3 structural features of serous pericardium

Answer 11

visceral layer (inner), parietal layer (outer), separated by pericardial cavity filled with serious fluid

Question 12

name the 3 layers of the heart wall from outside in

Answer 12

epicardium, myocardium, endocardium

Question 13

what is the myocardium

Answer 13

muscular layer

Question 14

name the 4 chambers the heart

Answer 14

right atrium, right ventricle, left atrium, left ventricle

Question 15

which major blood vessel returns deoxygenated blood back to the heart

Answer 15

superior and inferior vena cava

Question 16

which major blood vessel take deoxygenated blood from the heart to the lungs

Answer 16

pulmonary artery

Question 17

which major blood vessel returns oxygenated blood from the lungs to the heart

Answer 17

pulmonary vein

Question 18

which major blood vessel take oxygenated blood from the heart around the body

Answer 18

aorta

Question 19

what is the name of the valve separating the left atrium and the left ventricle

Answer 19

bicuspid valve

Question 20

what is the name of the valve separating the right atrium and the right ventricle

Answer 20

tricuspid valve

Question 21

what is the name for the valve separating the left ventricle and aorta

Answer 21

aortic semi-lunar valve

Question 22

what is the name of the valve separating the right ventricle and the pulmonary artery

Answer 22

pulmonary semi-lunar

Question 23

what causes heart beat sound

Answer 23

it is due to the turbulence of the blood once the valves snap shut

Question 24

what does LAB-RAT stand for

Answer 24

left atrium bicuspid, right atrium tricuspid

Question 25

what are the 3 main layer of blood vessel

Answer 25

tunica externa- collagen fibres, tunica media- smooth muscle and elastic fibres, tunica intima- simple squamous epithelia

Question 26

what are also two structural features either side of the tunica media in blood vessels

Answer 26

external elastic lamina and internal elastic lamina

Question 27

names 3 main areas blood flow will increase too

Answer 27

skeletal muscle- for movement, heart- faster supply, skin- blood shunted to surface where heat is lost through sweat

Question 28

2 main areas blood flow decreases

Answer 28

kidney, abdomen

Question 29

1 area blood flow remains constant

Answer 29

brain

Question 30

what is the purpose of valves

Answer 30

to prevent back flow of blood in low pressure areas

Question 31

what is a pulse

Answer 31

this is a pressure wave felt in an artery lying close to the surface

Question 32

what are the blood vessels called that supply nutrients to the heart

Answer 32

coronary arteries

Question 33

which major blood vessel do the coronary arteries branch from

Answer 33

the base of aorta

Question 34

how is Venus blood from the coronary arteries transported back to the heart

Answer 34

through cardiac veins that join to form coronary sinus that empties into right atrium

Question 35

what are the 3 large tributaries of the coronary sinus

Answer 35

great cardiac vein, middle cardiac vein and the small cardiac vein