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cv Flashcards

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Biology 101 flashcards
1
Q

what is the purpose of high hydrostatic pressure

A

to force blood out of the heart

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2
Q

what is the purpose of low hydrostatic pressure

A

to bring blood back into the heart

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3
Q

what is the heart primary purpose

A

to maintain pressure

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4
Q

what is the function of blood vessels

A

to transport blood

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5
Q

name from the oxygenated end through to the deoxygenated end of the blood vessels

A

arteries, arterioles, capillaries, veneules, veins

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6
Q

what is the pulmonary circuit

A

a network of blood vessels connecting the heart and the lungs

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7
Q

what is the systematic circuit

A

network of blood vessels connecting heart to body

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8
Q

what is pericardium

A

tough connective tissue protecting heart

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9
Q

other than protection what other 3 roles does pericardium have

A

anchor heart into place, prevent overfilling with blood, provide friction free environment during beats

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10
Q

name the 2 layers of pericardium

A

fibrous pericardium and serous pericardium

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11
Q

name the 3 structural features of serous pericardium

A

visceral layer (inner), parietal layer (outer), separated by pericardial cavity filled with serious fluid

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12
Q

name the 3 layers of the heart wall from outside in

A

epicardium, myocardium, endocardium

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13
Q

what is the myocardium

A

muscular layer

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14
Q

name the 4 chambers the heart

A

right atrium, right ventricle, left atrium, left ventricle

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15
Q

which major blood vessel returns deoxygenated blood back to the heart

A

superior and inferior vena cava

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16
Q

which major blood vessel take deoxygenated blood from the heart to the lungs

A

pulmonary artery

17
Q

which major blood vessel returns oxygenated blood from the lungs to the heart

A

pulmonary vein

18
Q

which major blood vessel take oxygenated blood from the heart around the body

A

aorta

19
Q

what is the name of the valve separating the left atrium and the left ventricle

A

bicuspid valve

20
Q

what is the name of the valve separating the right atrium and the right ventricle

A

tricuspid valve

21
Q

what is the name for the valve separating the left ventricle and aorta

A

aortic semi-lunar valve

22
Q

what is the name of the valve separating the right ventricle and the pulmonary artery

A

pulmonary semi-lunar

23
Q

what causes heart beat sound

A

it is due to the turbulence of the blood once the valves snap shut

24
Q

what does LAB-RAT stand for

A

left atrium bicuspid, right atrium tricuspid

25
Q

what are the 3 main layer of blood vessel

A

tunica externa- collagen fibres, tunica media- smooth muscle and elastic fibres, tunica intima- simple squamous epithelia

26
Q

what are also two structural features either side of the tunica media in blood vessels

A

external elastic lamina and internal elastic lamina

27
Q

names 3 main areas blood flow will increase too

A

skeletal muscle- for movement, heart- faster supply, skin- blood shunted to surface where heat is lost through sweat

28
Q

2 main areas blood flow decreases

A

kidney, abdomen

29
Q

1 area blood flow remains constant

A

brain

30
Q

what is the purpose of valves

A

to prevent back flow of blood in low pressure areas

31
Q

what is a pulse

A

this is a pressure wave felt in an artery lying close to the surface

32
Q

what are the blood vessels called that supply nutrients to the heart

A

coronary arteries

33
Q

which major blood vessel do the coronary arteries branch from

A

the base of aorta

34
Q

how is Venus blood from the coronary arteries transported back to the heart

A

through cardiac veins that join to form coronary sinus that empties into right atrium

35
Q

what are the 3 large tributaries of the coronary sinus

A

great cardiac vein, middle cardiac vein and the small cardiac vein

heath science (19 decks)

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