Cultural competence and TBI Flashcards
multiculturalism
Multiculturalism has been called a social-intellectual movement that promotes cultural diversity as a core principle and insists on equality and respect of all groups
There is disparity in the use of health care services
Only 1 in 3 people who need mental health services accesses them and minorities in particular underutilize these services
In order to understand how culture impacts the rehabilitation process, we must understand the concepts that form the basis of culture
ethnicity
relates to national origins which provide information such as customs, norms, languages shared across generations
race
historically used to group people based on biological or physical traits but now conceptualized by multiculturalists as sociorace
sociorace
recognizes the social and historical aspects of a group of people - providing information about customs, norms, and social aspects of the group
culture
defines as any group that shares a theme or issue. This can include language, food, clothing, music, art, dance, behavioral norms, shared values, and shared worldviews to name a few
racial/ cultural identify development
This model highlights the progression of an individual in establishing his or her cultural experiences
The model assumes valuation of the majority cultures (conforming to the majority), and progresses toward valuation of one’s own culture as well as the dominant culture
As a brain injury specialist it is important to take into account the level of assimilation and acculturation that each person has in regard to their culture as well as the majority culture
conformity -> dissonance ->resistance and immersion -> introspection -> integration and awareness
worldview
The way in which a person approaches their everyday experiences is based on their culture
Worldview is the way in which people perceive their relationships to nature, institutions, other people, and things
World views (such as moral standards, human-nature interface or group relations) as well as basic abilities (such as cognition, thought and behavior) are multidimensional
It is important not to apply one’s own worldview or universal expectations of shared abilities to the rehabilitation process - it fails to take into account each individual’s cultural and personal norms, values and customs
constructs of intelligence
There are different constructs of intelligence, each of which speaks to a different ability that can be impacted by culture
Academic (analytical) intelligence
Practical intelligence
Social intelligence
Emotional intelligence
Cross cultural psychology has documented extensive cultural disparity in human cognition, thought and behavior
Viewing these constructs as universal to all cultures, worldviews, etc., is counter to person centered care
academic intelligence construct
Academic (analytical) intelligence – is used to signify the person’s ability to solve problems in academic (classroom) settings
practical intelligence construct
Practical intelligence – is used to signify the person’s ability to solve problems in everyday settings (practical life problems)
emotional intelligence construct
Emotional intelligence – important in terms of human experiences
biopsychosocial model
biological < cognitive affective < social -interpersonal < social institutional < cultural
biological level of biopsychosocial model
behavior is influenced by physiological and genetic make up
ex: patient has genetic predisposition for a disease such as depression and diabetes
cognitive affective level of biopsychosocial model
thoughts and feelings impacting physical state
ex: stress can can have negative impact on muscles, GI, endocrine, reproductive health
social interpersonal level of biopsychosocial model
social relations impact our behavior
ex: more likely to drink around peers who do
