CUE - Urbanisation: Urban policy and regeneration

Question 1

What are the 3 urban policies that have been used in Britain since 1979?

Answer 1

Property-led initiatives
Partnership schemes
Area-based initiatives

Question 2

What urban policy was used in Britain from 1979-1991?

Answer 2

Property-led initiatives

Question 3

What urban policy was used in Britain from 1991-1997?

Answer 3

Partnership schemes

Question 4

What urban policy has been used in Britain from 1997-2000s?

Answer 4

Area-based initiatives

Question 5

Give an example of a property-led initiative

Answer 5

Urban development corporations

Question 6

Describe property-led initiatives

Answer 6

Private sector regenerates inner city areas
Coalition boards set up with people from local business community
Boards encouraged to spend money on buying land, building infrastructure and marketing to attract private investment

Question 7

Give an example of a partnership scheme

Answer 7

City challenge

Question 8

Describe partnership schemes

Answer 8

Focus on local leadership and partnership between private sector, local communities, voluntary sector and local authority
Strategies focused on tackling social, economic and environmental problems in run down parts of the city

Question 9

Describe area-based initiatives

Answer 9

Strategies focused on narrowing the gap between most deprived neighbourhoods and rest of country
Local authorities set targets to improve levels of health, education and employment.

Question 10

Give an example of an area-based initiative

Answer 10

New Deal for Communities

Question 11

Example of a UDC

Answer 11

London Docklands Development Corporation

Question 12

Successes of UDC

Answer 12

By mid-1990s they had attracted over £12 billion in private sector investment and created 190,000 jobs nationally

Question 13

Failures of LDDC

Answer 13

Didn’t tackle social problems

Locals didn’t benefit

Question 14

Example of a City Challenge

Answer 14

Hulme city challenge partnership, Manchester

Question 15

Successes of city challenge

Answer 15

1997 - had improved over 40,000 houses, created 530,000 jobs and reclaimed 2000ha of derelict land

Question 16

Failures of city challenge

Answer 16

Areas which had previously received gov funding didn’t receive it if their bid was unsuccessful.
Resources thinly spread over large areas.

Question 17

Example of an NDC

Answer 17

Devonport Regeneration Company, Plymouth

Question 18

Successes of NDC

Answer 18

2002-2008 NDC areas saw an improvement in 32 of 36 core indicators covering crime, education, health, worklessness, community housing and the physical environment

Question 19

Failures of NDC

Answer 19

Greater positive changes for place related outcomes than people related outcomes