CUE - Urbanisation: Urban Change Flashcards
5 examples of cities and their particular types of industry
Manchester - textiles Sheffield - steel and iron Glasgow - shipbuilding Stoke - pottery Northampton - shoes
3 main factors that led to the decline in manufacturing
Mechanisation
Competition from abroad
Reduced demand for traditional products
Why was there variation in unemployment within cities after deindustrialisation in the UK?
Inner city areas contained many of the old types of workplace most likely to be closed and lacked suitable land for expansion of existing manufacturing.
Edge of urban areas or more rural locals was where new investment was focused.
What are the 3 aspects of urban change?
De-industrialisation
Decentralisation
The rise of the service economy
When did deindustrialisation occur in the UK?
The second half of the 20th century
How did mechanisation lead to the decline in manufacturing?
Most firms can produce their goods more cheaply using machines rather than people
What did the urban unemployment figures after deindustrialisation in the uK depend on?
Size of city
Composition of urban economy
Actions of the local government
What type of workplaces were most likely to be closed after deindustrialisation?
Old plants with:
Oldest production techniques
Lowest productivity
Most unionised workforce
Give a social impact of deindustrialisation on urban areas.
Higher levels of crime
Outmigration of more qualified population
Deprivation
Give a negative environmental impact of deindustrialisation on urban areas.
Long term pollution of land
Derelict buildings
Give a positive impact of deindustrialisation on urban areas.
Reduction in noise and water pollution and reduced congestion
Give an economic impact of deindustrialisation on urban areas.
Increased unemployment
Decline in property prices
Loss of tax income to local authority
Potential decline in services
What accompanied the decline in manufacturing employment in the late 20th century?
The rise of the service economy in urban areas
What does the service economy include?
Tertiary and Quaternary activities
What are tertiary activities?
Finance, retail, leisure, transport, education, health
