crime Flashcards
1
Q
Criminal behavior
A
Criminal behavior: رفتار جنایتکارانه، noun, refers to actions that violate laws and harm society or individuals.
2
Q
Offender
A
Offender: مجرم، noun, refers to a person who commits a crime or wrongdoing.
3
Q
Crime rate
A
Crime rate: نرخ جرم، noun, refers to the number of crimes committed within a specific area and time period.
4
Q
Law enforcement
A
Law enforcement: اجرای قانون، noun, refers to the system and agencies responsible for enforcing laws and maintaining order.
5
Q
Police force
A
Police force: نیروی پلیس، noun, refers to the group of police officers responsible for maintaining public safety and enforcing the law.
6
Q
Criminal justice system
A
Criminal justice system: سیستم عدالت کیفری، noun, refers to the institutions and procedures involved in enforcing laws, prosecuting crimes, and administering justice.
7
Q
Punishment
A
Punishment: مجازات، noun, refers to the penalty imposed on someone who has committed a crime.
8
Q
Sentencing
A
Sentencing: صدور حکم، noun, refers to the determination of a punishment or penalty for a convicted offender.
9
Q
Prison sentence
A
Prison sentence: حکم زندان، noun, refers to the duration of time an offender must serve in prison as a punishment.
10
Q
Deterrent
A
Deterrent: بازدارنده، noun, refers to something that discourages or prevents criminal behavior.
11
Q
Rehabilitation
A
Rehabilitation: توانبخشی، noun, refers to the process of helping offenders reintegrate into society and reduce the likelihood of reoffending.
12
Q
Recidivism
A
Recidivism: بازگشت به جرم، noun, refers to the tendency of previously convicted criminals to reoffend.
13
Q
Reoffender
A
Reoffender: مجرم سابقه‌دار، noun, refers to a person who commits another crime after being convicted of a previous offense.
14
Q
Trial
A
Trial: محاکمه، noun, refers to the legal proceeding in which evidence is presented to determine the guilt or innocence of an accused person.
15
Q
Court ruling
A
Court ruling: حکم دادگاه، noun, refers to a decision made by a judge or court in a legal case.
16
Q
Conviction
A
Conviction: محکومیت، noun, refers to the legal finding that someone is guilty of a crime.
17
Q
Incarceration
A
Incarceration: حبس، noun, refers to the state of being imprisoned as a form of punishment.
18
Q
Bail
A
Bail: وثیقه، noun, refers to money or property given as security to ensure that an accused person will return for trial.
19
Q
Acquittal
A
Acquittal: تبرئه، noun, refers to a legal judgment that a defendant is not guilty of the charges.
20
Q
Appeal
A
Appeal: تجدید نظر، noun, refers to the process of requesting a higher court to review and change a lower court’s decision.
21
Q
Felony
A
Felony: جنایت، noun, refers to a serious crime, typically punishable by imprisonment or death.
22
Q
Misdemeanor
A
Misdemeanor: تخلف، noun, refers to a minor crime, typically punishable by a fine or short imprisonment.
23
Q
White-collar crime
A
White-collar crime: جرم‌های اداری، noun, refers to non-violent crimes, typically involving fraud or embezzlement, committed by professionals or businesspeople.
24
Q
Blue-collar crime
A
Blue-collar crime: جرم‌های کارگری، noun, refers to crimes typically committed by people from working-class backgrounds, often involving physical force or property damage.
25
Petty crime
Petty crime: جرم‌های کوچک، noun, refers to minor crimes, typically involving theft or vandalism.
26
Organized crime
Organized crime: جرم سازمان‌یافته، noun, refers to criminal activities conducted by large, complex criminal organizations.
27
Cybercrime
Cybercrime: جرایم سایبری، noun, refers to crimes that involve the use of computers or the internet, such as hacking or identity theft.
28
Fraud
Fraud: تقلب، noun, refers to the criminal act of deceiving others for financial gain.
29
Theft
Theft: دزدی، noun, refers to the act of stealing property from another person without their consent.
30
Burglary
Burglary: سرقت، noun, refers to breaking into a building with the intent to commit a crime, usually theft.
31
Arson
Arson: آتش‌سوزی عمدی، noun, refers to the deliberate setting of fire to property.
32
Vandalism
Vandalism: خرابکاری، noun, refers to the intentional destruction of property.
33
Assault
Assault: حمله، noun, refers to the act of physically attacking or threatening to attack another person.
34
Robbery
Robbery: سرقت مسلحانه، noun, refers to taking property from someone by force or threat of violence.
35
Shoplifting
Shoplifting: سرقت از فروشگاه، noun, refers to the act of stealing goods from a store.
36
Domestic violence
Domestic violence: خشونت خانگی، noun, refers to abusive behavior in a domestic setting, typically involving physical or emotional harm.
37
Homicide
Homicide: قتل، noun, refers to the act of killing another person, either intentionally or unintentionally.
38
Murder
Murder: قتل عمد، noun, refers to the unlawful killing of another person with intent.
39
Kidnapping
Kidnapping: ربودن، noun, refers to the act of abducting and holding someone against their will.
40
Sexual assault
Sexual assault: تجاوز جنسی، noun, refers to any unwanted sexual contact or behavior.
41
Rape
Rape: تجاوز، noun, refers to the act of forcing someone to engage in sexual activity against their will.
42
Blackmail
Blackmail: اخاذی، noun, refers to threatening to reveal damaging information about someone unless they pay or comply with demands.
43
Extortion
Extortion: باج‌گیری، noun, refers to obtaining money, property, or services through force or threats.
44
Drug trafficking
Drug trafficking: قاچاق مواد مخدر، noun, refers to the illegal trade of drugs across borders or within a country.
45
Human trafficking
Human trafficking: قاچاق انسان، noun, refers to the illegal trade of humans for forced labor or sexual exploitation.
46
Corruption
Corruption: فساد، noun, refers to dishonest or unethical behavior by those in power, often involving bribery.
47
Money laundering
Money laundering: پول‌شویی، noun, refers to the process of concealing the origins of illegally obtained money.
48
Terrorism
Terrorism: تروریسم، noun, refers to the use of violence or threats to intimidate or coerce people, often for political or ideological purposes.
49
Hijacking
Hijacking: ربودن، noun, refers to the unlawful seizure of a vehicle or aircraft.
50
Bribery
Bribery: رشوه‌دهی، noun, refers to offering or accepting money or gifts in exchange for influence or favors.
51
Victimization
Victimization: قربانی شدن، noun, refers to the process of being targeted or harmed by a crime.
52
Witness testimony
Witness testimony: شهادت شاهد، noun, refers to the statement or account given by a person who witnessed a crime or event.
53
Forensic evidence
Forensic evidence: شواهد جنایی، noun, refers to physical or scientific evidence used to solve crimes, often collected at a crime scene.
54
DNA analysis
DNA analysis: تجزیه و تحلیل DNA، noun, refers to the process of examining DNA to identify individuals or link them to crimes.
55
Fingerprinting
Fingerprinting: اثر انگشت‌برداری، noun, refers to the process of collecting and analyzing fingerprints for identification purposes.
56
Surveillance
Surveillance: نظارت، noun, refers to the monitoring of individuals or areas to gather information, often for security or investigative purposes.
57
Undercover operation
Undercover operation: عملیات مخفی، noun, refers to the secretive investigation of criminal activity by law enforcement officers posing as criminals.
58
Crime scene
Crime scene: محل وقوع جرم، noun, refers to the location where a crime has occurred and evidence is collected.
59
Police investigation
Police investigation: تحقیق پلیس، noun, refers to the process of gathering facts and evidence to solve a crime.
60
Suspicious activity
Suspicious activity: فعالیت مشکوک، noun, refers to behavior that appears abnormal or potentially related to a crime.
61
Criminal mastermind
Criminal mastermind: مغز متفکر جنایی، noun, refers to a person who plans and orchestrates a criminal operation or scheme.
62
Gang activity
Gang activity: فعالیت باند، noun, refers to the illegal actions carried out by a group of people, often for profit or power.
63
Street crime
Street crime: جرم‌های خیابانی، noun, refers to crimes committed in public places, such as theft, assault, or vandalism.
64
Juvenile delinquency
Juvenile delinquency: بزهکاری نوجوانان، noun, refers to criminal behavior committed by minors.
65
Recidivism
Recidivism: بازگشت به جرم، noun, refers to the tendency of previously convicted criminals to reoffend.
66
Capital punishment
Capital punishment: مجازات اعدام، noun, refers to the legal execution of a person as punishment for a serious crime, such as murder.
67
Life imprisonment
Life imprisonment: حبس ابد، noun, refers to a prison sentence lasting for the remainder of a convict’s life.
68
Community service
Community service: خدمات اجتماعی، noun, refers to work performed for the benefit of the community as part of a sentence or punishment.
69
Plea bargain
Plea bargain: توافق قضائی، noun, refers to an agreement between the defendant and prosecutor where the defendant pleads guilty in exchange for a reduced sentence.
70
Civil disobedience
Civil disobedience: نافرمانی مدنی، noun, refers to the peaceful refusal to obey certain laws, often as a form of protest.
71
Detention
Detention: بازداشت، noun, refers to the act of keeping someone in custody, typically while awaiting trial or investigation.
72
Probation
Probation: آزادی مشروط, noun, a court-imposed sanction allowing an offender to remain in the community under supervision instead of serving time in prison.
73
Exoneration
Exoneration: تبرئه, noun, the official declaration that a person is not guilty of the crime they were charged with.
74
Criminal record
Criminal record: سوابق کیفری, noun, a record of a person’s criminal convictions.
75
Lawbreaker
Lawbreaker: قانون‌شکن, noun, a person who violates the law.
76
Perpetrator
Perpetrator: مجرم, noun, a person who commits a crime or harmful act.
77
Accomplice
Accomplice: همدست, noun, a person who assists another in committing a crime.
78
Victim
Victim: قربانی, noun, a person who suffers harm due to a criminal act.
79
Prevention measures
Prevention measures: تدابیر پیشگیرانه, noun, strategies implemented to prevent crimes from occurring.
80
Crime prevention
Crime prevention: پیشگیری از جرم, noun, actions or policies aimed at reducing the occurrence of crime.
81
Restorative justice
Restorative justice: عدالت ترمیمی, noun, an approach to justice that focuses on repairing harm and rebuilding relationships between the offender and the community.
82
Legal system
Legal system: سیستم قضائی, noun, the institutions and processes involved in enforcing laws and administering justice.
83
Criminal
Criminal: مجرم, noun, a person who commits a crime.
84
Illegal
Illegal: غیرقانونی, adjective, something that is against the law.
85
Offense
Offense: تخلف, noun, an act that violates a law or rule.
86
Lawbreaker
Lawbreaker: قانون‌شکن, noun, a person who violates or breaks the law.
87
Prison
Prison: زندان, noun, a facility used to incarcerate people convicted of crimes.
88
Jail
Jail: زندان, noun, a place for the short-term detention of individuals awaiting trial or serving short sentences.
89
Sentence
Sentence: حکم, noun, the punishment assigned to a convicted criminal by the court.
90
Court
Court: دادگاه, noun, a place where legal cases are heard and decided.
91
Trial
Trial: محاکمه, noun, the legal process of determining the guilt or innocence of a defendant.
92
Judge
Judge: قاضی, noun, a person who presides over a court and makes legal decisions.
93
Law
Law: قانون, noun, rules established by a governing body to regulate behavior.
94
Police
Police: پلیس, noun, the law enforcement agency responsible for maintaining public order and enforcing laws.
95
Evidence
Evidence: شواهد, noun, material or testimony presented in court to prove or disprove facts in a case.
96
Witness
Witness: شاهد, noun, a person who has observed a crime or event and can testify about it in court.
97
Victim
قربانی
98
Steal
Steal: دزدیدن, verb, to take someone else's property without permission.
99
Thief
Thief: دزد, noun, a person who steals.
100
Robbery
Robbery: سرقت مسلحانه, noun, the act of stealing using force or threats.
101
Assault
Assault: حمله, noun, a violent physical attack or threat of attack.
102
Attack
Attack: حمله, noun/verb, an aggressive or violent act against a person.
103
Larceny
Larceny: سرقت, noun, the unlawful taking of someone else's property.
104
Burglary
Burglary: سرقت، noun, entering a building with the intent to commit a crime, typically theft.
105
Murder
Murder: قتل عمد, noun, the intentional killing of another person.
106
Kill
Kill: کشتن, verb, to cause the death of another person.
107
Hurt
Hurt: آسیب زدن, verb, to cause physical pain or injury.
108
Injure
Injure: مجروح کردن, verb, to harm or wound someone physically.
109
Rape
Rape: تجاوز, noun, the unlawful and forced sexual intercourse with another person.
110
Harm
Harm: آسیب, noun, physical injury or damage.
111
Arrest
Arrest: دستگیری, noun/verb, the act of detaining a person suspected of committing a crime.
112
Bail
Bail: وثیقه, noun, money or property pledged to ensure that a defendant returns to court.
113
Detain
Detain: بازداشت کردن, verb, to hold someone in custody temporarily.
114
Crime scene
Crime scene: محل وقوع جرم, noun, the location where a crime occurred and evidence is gathered.
115
Investigation
Investigation: تحقیق, noun, the process of gathering information and evidence to solve a crime.
116
Suspect
Suspect: مظنون, noun, a person believed to have committed a crime.
117
Charge
Charge: اتهام, noun/verb, a formal accusation that someone has committed a crime.
118
Confession
Confession: اعتراف, noun, a statement by a person admitting guilt for a crime.
119
Guilty
Guilty: گناهکار, adjective, having committed a crime.
120
Innocent
Innocent: بی‌گناه, adjective, not guilty of a crime.
121
Punishment
Punishment: مجازات, noun, a penalty imposed for committing a crime.
122
Penalty
Penalty: جریمه, noun, a punishment for breaking the law.
123
Fine
Fine: جریمه مالی, noun, a financial penalty imposed as punishment for a crime.
124
Community service
Community service: خدمات اجتماعی, noun, unpaid work performed for the benefit of the community as a form of punishment.
125
Defendant
Defendant: متهم, noun, a person charged with a crime in a court of law.
126
Prosecutor
Prosecutor: دادستان, noun, a lawyer who represents the government in bringing a criminal case against a defendant.
127
Defense lawyer
Defense lawyer: وکیل دفاع, noun, a lawyer who represents the accused in a criminal case.
128
Incarceration
Incarceration: حبس, noun, the state of being imprisoned as a punishment.
129
Recidivism
Recidivism: بازگشت به جرم, noun, the tendency of previously convicted criminals to reoffend.
130
Escape
Escape: فرار, verb, to break free from custody or a prison.
131
Vandalism
Vandalism: خرابکاری, noun, the deliberate destruction of property.
132
Destruction
Destruction: تخریب, noun, the act of causing severe damage or ruining something.
133
Drugs
Drugs: داروها، مواد مخدر, noun, substances that are often illegally obtained and used for harmful purposes.
134
Drug dealer
Drug dealer: فروشنده مواد مخدر, noun, a person involved in the illegal sale of drugs.
135
Violence
Violence: خشونت, noun, the use of physical force to harm others.
136
Hostage
Hostage: گروگان, noun, a person held against their will as leverage in a criminal act.
137
Kidnap
Kidnap: آدم‌ربایی, verb, to abduct someone for ransom or other reasons.
138
Corruption
Corruption: فساد, noun, dishonest or illegal actions by those in power.
139
Extortion
Extortion: باج‌گیری, noun, obtaining money or favors by force or threats.
140
Blackmail
Blackmail: اخاذی, noun, threatening to reveal damaging information unless demands are met.
141
Fraud
Fraud: تقلب, noun, the crime of deceiving others for financial gain.
142
Swindle
Swindle: فریب, noun, the act of cheating or defrauding someone out of money.
143
Shoplifting
Shoplifting: سرقت از فروشگاه, noun, the act of stealing items from a store.
144
Petty crime
Petty crime: جرم کوچک, noun, a minor criminal offense, often involving theft or vandalism.
145
Organized crime
Organized crime: جرم سازمان‌یافته, noun, criminal activities conducted by large, structured criminal groups.
146
Cybercrime
Cybercrime: جرم سایبری, noun, criminal activities involving computers or the internet.
147
Traffic offense
Traffic offense: تخلف رانندگی, noun, violations of traffic laws.
148
Speeding
Speeding: تجاوز از سرعت مجاز, noun, driving faster than the legal speed limit.
149
Drunk driving
Drunk driving: رانندگی تحت تأثیر الکل, noun, driving while impaired by alcohol or drugs.
150
Hit-and-run
Hit-and-run: تصادف و فرار, noun, a traffic incident where the driver leaves the scene without stopping.
151
Public disorder
Public disorder: اختلال در نظم عمومی, noun, behavior that disrupts public peace or safety.
152
Protest
Protest: اعتراض, noun, a public demonstration expressing disapproval or a demand for change.
153
Terrorist attack
Terrorist attack: حمله تروریستی, noun, a violent act intended to cause fear or political change, often targeting civilians.
154
Hate crime
Hate crime: جرم نفرت‌آمیز, noun, a crime motivated by prejudice or hatred towards a particular group.
155
Threat
Threat: تهدید, noun, a statement or action that implies harm or danger.
156
Harassment
Harassment: آزار و اذیت, noun, aggressive pressure or intimidation, typically in a workplace or personal setting.
157
Racist behavior
Racist behavior: رفتار نژادپرستانه, noun, discriminatory or hostile actions based on someone's race.
158
Police station
Police station: ایستگاه پلیس, noun, a building where police officers work and respond to calls.
159
Courtroom
Courtroom: اتاق دادگاه, noun, a room where legal trials are held.
160
Conviction
Conviction: محکومیت, noun, a formal declaration that someone is guilty of a criminal offense.
161
Appeal
Appeal: درخواست تجدیدنظر, noun, the legal process of challenging a court decision in a higher court.
162
Fugitive
Fugitive: فراری, noun, a person who is fleeing from law enforcement or justice.
163
Justice
Justice: عدالت, noun, the fair and impartial treatment of individuals according to the law.
164
Punish
Punish: مجازات کردن, verb, to impose a penalty for a crime or wrongdoing.
165
Criminal record
Criminal record: سوابق کیفری, noun, an official record of a person’s criminal history.
166
Community policing
Community policing: پلیس‌محوری، noun, a policing strategy that focuses on building relationships and partnerships between the police and the community.
167
Prevention
Prevention: پیشگیری, noun, actions taken to stop crimes from happening.
168
Deterrent
Deterrent: بازدارنده, noun, something intended to discourage criminal behavior.
169
Felony
Felony: جرم سنگین, noun, a serious crime that typically carries a heavier penalty.
170
Misdemeanor
Misdemeanor: جرم جزئی, noun, a minor criminal offense, typically punishable by a fine or short jail time.
171
Crime spree
Crime spree: سریال جرم, noun, a period of continuous criminal activity by an individual or group.
172
Offender
Offender: مجرم, noun, a person who commits a crime.
173
Law enforcement
Law enforcement: اجرای قانون, noun, agencies and officials responsible for maintaining public order and enforcing laws.
174
Violent crime
Violent crime: جرم خشونت‌آمیز, noun, crimes involving physical force or the threat of force.
175
Petty theft
Petty theft: سرقت کوچک, noun, the act of stealing something of small value.
176
Stolen goods
Stolen goods: اموال دزدیده شده, noun, items that have been taken illegally.
177
Break-in
Break-in: ورود به زور, noun, unauthorized entry into a building, usually with intent to steal.
178
Loot
Loot: غارت, noun/verb, stolen goods, typically during a period of chaos or violence.
179
Forgery
Forgery: جعل, noun, the act of falsely making or altering documents or signatures.
180
Pickpocketing
Pickpocketing: جیب‌بری, noun, the act of stealing items from people's pockets without them noticing.
181
Bribe
Bribe: رشوه, noun, money or favors offered to influence someone's actions or decisions.
182
Corrupt
Corrupt: فاسد, adjective, dishonest or unethical behavior, especially by those in power.
183
Racketeering
Racketeering: کسب‌وکارهای غیرقانونی, noun, engaging in criminal enterprises, often involving extortion or fraud.
184
Hooliganism
Hooliganism: اراذل و اوباشی, noun, violent or disruptive behavior, typically in a sports context.
185
Terrorism
Terrorism: تروریسم, noun, the use of violence and intimidation to achieve political aims.
186
Bombing
Bombing: بمب‌گذاری, noun, the act of planting and detonating explosive devices.
187
Robber
Robber: دزد مسلح, noun, a person who commits robbery, typically with force or the threat of force.
188
Gangster
Gangster: گنگستر, noun, a member of an organized criminal group.
189
Smuggling
Smuggling: قاچاق, noun, the illegal transportation of goods or people.
190
Money laundering
Money laundering: پول‌شویی, noun, the process of concealing illegal earnings to make them appear legitimate.
191
Hacker
Hacker: هکر, noun, a person who gains unauthorized access to computer systems.
192
Phishing
Phishing: فیشینگ, noun, a form of cybercrime involving tricking individuals into revealing personal information.
193
Fraudulent
Fraudulent: تقلبی, adjective, involving deception for financial gain.
194
False identity
False identity: هویت جعلی, noun, a fabricated or altered identity used to deceive others.
195
Drug trafficking
Drug trafficking: قاچاق مواد مخدر, noun, the illegal trade of drugs.
196
Human trafficking
Human trafficking: قاچاق انسان, noun, the illegal trade of humans for forced labor or sexual exploitation.
197
Cyberbullying
Cyberbullying: آزار سایبری, noun, bullying or harassment conducted via digital platforms.
198
Swindle
Swindle: فریب, noun, a fraudulent scheme to deceive others for money.
199
Scam
Scam: کلاه‌برداری, noun, a dishonest scheme to deceive people out of money or assets.
200
Embezzlement
Embezzlement: اختلاس, noun, the theft or misappropriation of funds entrusted to one’s care.
201
Ransom
Ransom: باج, noun, money demanded for the release of someone or something held captive.
202
Fighting
Fighting: مبارزه, noun, engaging in physical conflict, typically between individuals.
203
Rioting
Rioting: آشوبگری, noun, violent public disturbances caused by a group of people.
204
Assault and battery
Assault and battery: ضرب و شتم, noun, physical attack and harm caused to someone.
205
Conspiracy
Conspiracy: توطئه, noun, a secret plan by a group to commit illegal acts.
206
Exploitation
Exploitation: استثمار, noun, the act of taking unfair advantage of someone for personal gain.
207
Forgery
Forgery: جعل, noun, making false documents or signatures with intent to deceive.
208
Impersonation
Impersonation: جعل شخصیت, noun, pretending to be someone else to deceive others.
209
Blackmail
Blackmail: اخاذی, noun, threatening to reveal damaging information unless demands are met.
210
Kidnapping for ransom
Kidnapping for ransom: آدم‌ربایی به قصد اخاذی, noun, abducting someone to demand money for their release.
211
Stalking
Stalking: تعقیب و آزار, noun, the act of obsessively following or harassing someone.
212
Cyberattack
Cyberattack: حمله سایبری, noun, an assault on computer systems for malicious purposes.
213
Identity theft
Identity theft: سرقت هویت, noun, the illegal use of someone else's personal information.
214
Shoplifter
Shoplifter: دزد فروشگاه, noun, a person who steals items from a store.
215
Deterrence
Deterrence: بازدارندگی, noun, the prevention of crime by fear of punishment.
216
Preventive measures
Preventive measures: تدابیر پیشگیرانه, noun, actions taken to avoid or reduce the likelihood of crime.
217
Interrogation
Interrogation: بازجویی, noun, the process of questioning a suspect to gather information or confession.
218
False accusation
False accusation: اتهام نادرست, noun, an accusation made without evidence or truth.
219
False confession
False confession: اعتراف نادرست, noun, a statement made by a person admitting to a crime they did not commit.
220
Witness protection
Witness protection: حفاظت از شاهد, noun, a program to protect witnesses who testify against criminals.
221
Undercover operation
Undercover operation: عملیات مخفیانه, noun, a law enforcement tactic where officers conceal their identities to gather evidence or infiltrate criminal groups.
222
Search warrant
Search warrant: حکم جستجو, noun, a legal document authorizing law enforcement to search a specific location for evidence related to a crime.
223
Surveillance camera
Surveillance camera: دوربین نظارتی, noun, a camera used to monitor an area for security or investigative purposes.
224
Escalation
Escalation: تشدید, noun, the process by which a situation or conflict intensifies, often leading to increased violence or severity.
225
Lethal
Lethal: کشنده, adjective, capable of causing death or serious harm.
226
Assailant
Assailant: مهاجم, noun, a person who physically attacks another.
227
Perpetrator
Perpetrator: مرتکب جرم, noun, a person who commits a crime or illegal act.
228
Victimization
Victimization: قربانی شدن, noun, the process of being harmed, exploited, or subjected to crime.
229
Police investigation
Police investigation: تحقیقات پلیس, noun, the process by which law enforcement agencies gather facts and evidence to solve a crime.
230
Court order
Court order: دستور دادگاه, noun, a formal ruling issued by a court requiring someone to do or refrain from doing something.
231
Sentencing guidelines
Sentencing guidelines: دستورالعمل‌های مجازات, noun, a set of standards used by judges to determine appropriate sentences for convicted offenders.
232
Probation
Probation: آزادی مشروط, noun, a legal status where a convicted offender serves their sentence under supervision in the community instead of in prison.
233
Detention center
Detention center: مرکز بازداشت, noun, a facility where individuals are held in custody, usually before trial or sentencing.
234
Parole
Parole: مرخصی مشروط, noun, the early release of a prisoner under certain conditions, often after serving part of their sentence.
