Cranial And Spinal Nerves Flashcards
Cranial nerve I
Name: olfactory
Sensory (s)
Function: smell
If damaged: loss of smell
Cranial nerve II
Name: optic
Sensory (s)
Function: vision
If damaged: vision in affected eye can be lost
Cranial nerve III
Name: oculomotor
Motor (m)
Function: eye movement
If damaged: double vision, can’t move up and down, pupil may not respond right to light
Cranial nerve IV
Name: Trochlear
motor (m)
Function: turns eye downwards, rotates eyeball towards nose
If damaged: double images, eye cannot turn down
Cranial nerve V
Name: trigeminal
Sensory + motor (b)
Function: Sensory info from face
If damaged: trigeminal neuralgia
Cranial nerve VI
Name: abducens
Motor (m)
Function: turns eye laterally
If damaged: affected eye cannot turn fully outward
VII
Name: facial
Sensory + motor (b)
Function: motor nerve to facial muscles, taste from 2/3 tongue
If damaged: distorted appearance, problem closing eyes, chewing, taste, making expression, some numb areas
Cranial nerve VIII
Name: Vestibulocochlear
Sensory (s)
Function: hearing, equilibrium
If damaged: deafness, ringing in ear, unsteady balance, vertigo +nausea
Cranial nerve IX
Name: glossopharyngeal
Sensory + motor (b)
Function: taste from posterior 2/3 tongue, sensation in throat and outer ear
If damaged: loss of gag reflex, difficulty swallowing, loss of bitter and sour taste
Cranial nerve X
Name: vagus
Sensory + motor (b)
Function: visceral sensations, major role in: cardiac, digestive and urinary systems
If damaged: difficulty swallowing, speaking, loss of gag reflex
Cranial nerve XI
Name: accessory
Motor (m)
Function: swallowing, neck, shoulder muscles
If damaged: weakness in shoulder, asymmetry of shoulder and upper back, shoulder drooping
Cranial nerve XII
Name: hypoglossal
Motor (m)
Function: controls tongue, movement for speech, food manipulation, swallowing
If damaged: impairs speech, swallowing
C1-C5
Plexus: cervical
Area of body served: head, neck, shoulders,
What happens if spinal cord above C3 is severed
Breathing stops
C5-T1
Plexus: Brachial
Area of body served: chest, shoulders, arms and hands