Chapter 4 Genes And Cellular Function

Question 1

Cell division

Answer 1

Process by which cells reproduce themselves

Question 2

Somatic cell division

Answer 2

Cell division that results in an increase in the number of body cells. Produces two daughter cell identical to the parent cell and has the same number of chromosomes

Question 3

Mitosis

Answer 3

The distribution of two sets of chromosomes, one set into each of two separate nuclei

Question 4

Reproductive cell division

Answer 4

Cell division that results in the production of sperm and eggs

Question 5

Meiosis

Answer 5

Cell undergoes two divisions which result in four reproductive/ germ cells that have half of the normal number of chromosomes

Question 6

Cancer

Answer 6

Group of diseases characterized by uncontrolled cell proliferation

Question 7

Carcinogens

Answer 7

Substances or agents that have been shown to cause cancer

Question 8

Oncogenes

Answer 8

Modified genes that are mutated and may cause a tumor to grow

Question 9

Tumor

Answer 9

Masses of cells that are dividing uncontrollably

Question 10

Oncology

Answer 10

Study of tumors

Question 11

Benign tumors

Answer 11

Relatively harmless except that their size may interfere with normal body function. Not cancerous

Question 12

Malignant tumors

Answer 12

Cancerous, made up of cells that have lost track of their growth and their place in the body

Question 13

Metastatis

Answer 13

Movement of cancerous cells throughout the body

Question 14

Carcinomas

Answer 14

Most common cancer, arise from epithelial cells

Question 15

Sarcomas

Answer 15

Arise from connective tissue cells

Question 16

Leukaemias

Answer 16

Arise from blood forming organs

Question 17

Lymphomas

Answer 17

Originates in the lymphatic system

Question 18

Angiogenesis

Answer 18

The rapid growth of new networks of blood vessels to provide nourishment for themselves

Question 19

Cancer treatment

Answer 19

Surgery
Chemotherapy
Radiation therapy