Chapter 6 Integumentary Sytsem Flashcards
Integumentary system
Consists of the skin, accessory structures and some muscles and nerves
What is the body’s largest organ
Skin
Dermatology
Medical specialty for diagnosis and treatment of integumentary symptom
Epidermis
Superficial thin portion of skin composed of only epithelial tissue
Dermis
Deeper thicker portion of skin composed of connective tissue and some muscle and nervous tissue
5 layers of epidermis
- Stratum cornerman-most superficial
2.stratum lucidum - Stratum granulosum
4, stratum spinosum - Stratum basale -deepest layer
Keratinization
Formation of superficial layers of cells filled with keratin
Papillary layer
Superficial layer of the dermis
Reticular layer
Deeper layer of the dermis
Subcutaneous layer
Contains veins and arteries, helps stabilize position of the skin
Carotene
Yellow orange pigment that’s found in orange vegetables
Melanin
Brown black pigment produced by melanocytes of the stratus germinativum
Hermoglobin
Red pigment in the blood that carries oxygen
Does the number of melanocytes vary in people
No only the amount of melanin being produced varies making people skin tones vary
Albanian
Inability to produce melanin making skin appear white
Jaundice
Skin appears yellow due to liver not breaking down pigment properly
Freckles
Flat melanized patches
Moles
Elevated melanized patches often with hair
Hemangiomas
Birthmarks,noatcges of discoloured skin caused by benign tumor of dermal capillaries
Hair
Composed of columns of dead kerantized cells bonded with proteins
Medulla
Inner layer of hair
Cortex
Middle layer of hair
Cuticle
Outer layer of hair
What surrounds the root of each hair
Hair follicle which has a bulb at its base
Nails
Plates of tightly packed hard keratinized epidermal cells
Nail root
Proximal portion of nail burried in a fold of skin
Sebaceous glands
Secrete sebum, a mixture of fat cholesterol proteins salts and pheromones
Acne
Bacterial inflammation of sebaceous glands
Eccrine sweat glands
Secrete watery sweat with some solutes directly on the skin surface
Apocrine sweat glands
Secrete watery substance but with some lipids and proteins released in hair follicles
Ceruminous glands
Secrete cerumen-ear wax to protect the ear canal
Mammary glands
Produce milk
First degree burn
Involves only the epidermis
Second degree burn
Destroys epidermis and possibly parts of the dermis
Third degree burn
Destroys epidermis, dermis and possibly sub Q layer. Destroys nerve endings
Skin graft
Used to regenerate skin in the case of severe burn
