Chapter 1 AP Flashcards

1
Q

Anatomy

A

Study of form

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2
Q

Ways of examining structure

A

Inspection
Palpation
Auscultation
Percussion

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3
Q

Cadaver dissection

A

Cutting and separating human body tissue

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4
Q

Comparative anatomy

A

Study of multiple species to learn about form, function, evolution

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5
Q

Medical imaging

A

Viewing inside of body without surgery

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6
Q

Radiology

A

Branch of medicine concerned with imaging

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7
Q

Gross anatomy

A

Study of structure that can be seen with the naked eye

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8
Q

Histology

A

Examination of tissues with microscope

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9
Q

Histopathology

A

Microscopic examination of tissues for sign of disease

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10
Q

Cytology

A

Study of structure and function of cells

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11
Q

Ultrastructure

A

View detail under electron microscope

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12
Q

Physiology

A

Study of form

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13
Q

Name some physiological variations

A

Sex, age, weight, genetics, environment, physical activity

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14
Q

atomical variation

A

No two humans are exactly alike

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15
Q

Molecules are composed of:

A

Atoms

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16
Q

Organelles composed of:

A

Molecules

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17
Q

Cells composed of:

A

Organelles

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18
Q

Tissues composed of:

19
Q

Organs composed of:

20
Q

Organ systems composed of:

21
Q

Organism composed of:

A

Organ systems

22
Q

Cellular composition:

A

Living matter always compartmentalized into one or more cells

23
Q

Metabolism

A

Internal chemical reactions

24
Q

Catabolism

A

Breakdown of complex molecules into simple molecules

25
Anabolism
Building of complex molecules from simple ones
26
Responsiveness
Ability to sense and react to stimuli
27
Homeostasis
The ability to detect change, activate mechanisms that oppose it, and maintain relatively stable internal conditions
28
Development
Differentiation and growth
29
Reproduction
Producing copies of themselves
30
Evolution
Changes in genes
31
Negative feedback
-The body senses change and reverses it - allows for dynamic equilibrium within a limited range around a set point
32
Feedback system
Cycle of events in which information about the status of a condition is continually monitored and fed back to a central control region
33
Loss of homeostasis causes:
Illness or death
34
Receptor
Structure that senses change in the body
35
Integrating control center
Processes the sensory information and makes a decision then directs the response
36
Effector
Cell or organ that carries out the final corrective action to restore homeostasis
37
Positive feedback
Leads to greater change in the same direction Ex) blood clotting, childbirth, protein digestion
38
Disorder
Any abnormality of function
39
Disease
Homeostatic imbalance characterized by a specific set of signs and symptoms
40
Local disease
Affects a limited region of body
41
Systematic disease
Affects many parts of the entire body
42
Symptoms
Changes in the body not apparent to an observer Ex) headache, nausea, itchy
43
Signs
Changes that the observer can view and measure Ex) rash, fever, high blood pressure
44
Gradient
A difference in chemical concentration