Counter Regulatory Mechanisms

Question 1

produces peripheral
vasoconstriction and tachycardia. Blood is redistributed to vital organs.

Answer 1

Activation of the sympathetic nervous system

Question 2

Activation of the
apneustic and pneumotaxic areas of the brain following hypoxia brought
about by reduced ventilatory surface in events of hemodynamic alteration
of lung surface.

Answer 2

Stimulation of the respiratory centers in the brain

Question 2

release of catecholamines (epinephrine
and norepinephrine) from the adrenal medulla, and glucocorticoids from
the adrenal cortex. These result to peripheral vasoconstriction, and
release of glucose from storage areas.

Answer 2

Stimulation of adrenal gland

Question 2

result to
conservation of sodium ions and water by increasing kidney tubular
reabsorption.

Answer 2

Activation of the Renin-Angiotensin-Aldosterone Axis