CELLULAR PATHOLOGY

Question 1

“All organ injuries start with structural or molecular alterations in cells” BY?

Answer 1

RUDOLF VIRCHOW

Question 2

to understand pathology, you first need to understand the?

Answer 2

NORMAL STRUCTURE AND FUNCTIONS

Question 3

semipermeable membrane with pumps for ionic / osmotic homeostasis

Answer 3

PLASMA MEMBRANE

Question 4

plasma membrane has a? embeded of what proteins??

Answer 4

PHOSPHOLIPID BILAYER, w/ GLYCOPROTEIN, GLYCOLIPIDS, ION PUMPS, RECEPTOR AND ADHESION MOLECULE

Question 5

the transcription of genes, synthesized of ribosomal RNA & chromatin is here in this organelles.

Answer 5

NUCLEUS

Question 6

in this organelles the oxidative phorphorylation, & the main source ATP happens in here.

Answer 6

MITOCHONDRIA

Question 7

2 types of endoplasmic reticulum?

Answer 7

1. ROUGH E.R
2. SMOOTH E.R

Question 8

function of ROUGH E.R

Answer 8

SYNTHESIZED & PACKAGING of PROTEIN TRANSPORT

Question 9

3 function of smooth E. R

Answer 9

1. LIPID BIOSYNTHESIS
2. DETOXIFICATION OF HARMFUL COMPOUND
3. SEQUESTRATION OF CA+ions

Question 10

this organelles assist in proper folding of proteins & transport across oganelles

Answer 10

CHAPERONES

Question 11

this degrade both excess proteins and incorrectly folded protein.PR

Answer 11

PROTEASOME

Question 12

enzymatic digestion of materials in the cells.

Answer 12

LYSOSOMES

Question 13

is the structure and movements of cells/ organelles/ granules/ surface molecules & phagocytosis.

Answer 13

CYTOSKELETON

Question 14

CYTOSKELETON is composed of?

Answer 14

1.MICROFILAMENTS-
2. MICROTUBULES
3. iNTERMEDIATE FILAMENTS

Question 15

this is actin in various form- cell shape & movements

Answer 15

MICROFILAMENTS

Question 16

this is polymers of tubulin- organelle movement/ flagella,cillia,mitotic spindle

Answer 16

MICROTUBULES

Question 17

a cytokeratin/ vimentin/ desmin. & neurofilament

Answer 17

INTERMEDIATE FILAMENTS

Question 18

enzyme like catalase, oxidase; metabolism of hydrogen peroxide and fatty acids.

Answer 18

PEROXISOMES

Question 19

aggregssion are called?

Answer 19

STRESS

Question 20

2 possible things that can happen to cell injury.

Answer 20

1. REVERSIBLE INJURY- survived and adapt
2. IRREVERSIBLE INJURY- cell death/necrosis or apoptosis