COPD

Question 1

COPD

Answer 1

Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease
characterized by persistent airflow limitation that is usually progressive

caused largely by smoking and characterized by persistent airflow limitation, usually progressive, associated with an enhanced chronic inflammatory response in the airways and the lung to noxious particles or gases

A diagnosis of COPD is made when the FEV1/FVC ratio is less than 70%.
Forced excitatory volume

Question 2

chronic bronchitis

Answer 2

long-term inflammation of the bronchi

Question 3

emphysema

Answer 3

• a lung condition that causes shortness of breath. In people with emphysema, the air sacs in the lungs (alveoli) are damaged.
• Over time, the inner walls of the air sacs weaken and rupture
• creating larger air spaces instead of many small ones.

Question 4

Cor pulmonale

Answer 4

Hypertrophy of right side of heart
Eventually causes right-sided heart failure
Hypertrophy- enlargement of organs due to increased cell size

Question 5

COPD exacerbation

Answer 5

is an event in the natural course of the disease characterized by a change in the client’s baseline dyspnea, cough, and/or sputum that is beyond the normal day-to-day variation, is acute in onset, and may warrant a change in regular medication in a client with underlying COPD.

Question 6

pursed-lip breathing

Answer 6

the patient is instructed to exhale though pursed lips, a positioned similar to that used to whistle, and exhale twice as long as he or she inhales.

Prolongs exhalation and prevents bronchiolar collapse and air trapping

Question 7

diaphragmatic breathing

Answer 7

the patient lies supine with the knees flexed. With the hands resting on the abdomen, the patient should focus on filling the lungs completely using the diaphragm and should note the rise and fall of the abdomen with inhalation and exhalation.

Question 8

Postural Drainage

Answer 8

use of positioning techniques that drain secretions from specific segments of the lungs and bronchi into the trachea.