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Microbiology > Controlling Microbial Growth > Flashcards

Controlling Microbial Growth Flashcards

Exam 2

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Biology 101 flashcards
1
Q

What are the 3 methods of microbial growth control?

A
  • physical
  • chemical
  • mechanical
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2
Q

What are the 2 types of physical control for microbial growth?

Provide Examples

A
  • heat (dry and moist)
  • radiation (ionizing and non-ionizing)
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3
Q

What is the pro/con of using dry heat for microbial control?

A
  • pro: inexpensive
  • con: lose use of item
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4
Q

What are 2 examples of using dry heat for microbial control?

A
  • dry oven
  • incineration
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5
Q

What are 2 types of moist heat for microbial control?

A
  • pressurized (sterilization)
  • non-pressurized
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6
Q

What is used for pressurized moist heat microbial growth control?

Be specific

A

Autoclave
- PSI: 15
- Temp: 121C
- Time: 10 - 40 min

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7
Q

What are examples of non-pressurized moist heat for microbial growth control?

A
  • hot water
  • boiling water
  • pasteurization
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8
Q

What is a requirement for pasteruization?

A

must maintain flavor and nutritional value

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9
Q

What are 2 methods for pasteurization?

Provide specifications

A
  • batch method: 63.3C for 30 mins
  • flash method: 75.5C for 15 sec
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10
Q

What are examples of ionizing radiation?

A
  • x-ray
  • cathode ray
  • gamma ray
  • microwave (food irradiation)
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11
Q

What is an example of non-ionizing radiation?

A

UV-rays

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12
Q

What is an example of Chemical control of microbial growth?

A

Chemotherapy: using a chemotherapeutic agent

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13
Q

What is an example of mechanical control of microbial growth?

A

HEPA (High Efficiency Particulate Air)

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14
Q

What elements are used to control microbial growth?

Provide an example

A
  • Halogens
  • ex: iodine
  • ex: chlorine
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15
Q

What is a tincture of iodine?

A

iodine + alcohol

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16
Q

What is a iodophor of iodine?

What is it’s benefit?

A
  • iodine + organic solvent
  • doesn’t irrirate skin
17
Q

What are 3 examples of how Chlorine is used to control microbial growth?

A
  • swimming pools
  • hypochlorite (Chlorox)
  • Chloramine (chlorine + ammonia (amino)
18
Q

What do phenols/phenolics do?

A

kill vegetative cells, not spores

19
Q

What is another name for Chlorahexidine?

A

Biguanides

20
Q

What is Oligodynamic Action?

A

when heavy metals (copper, gold, zinc silver) kill microbes

21
Q

What is the name of the first synthetic drug without heavy side effects?

A

Salvarsan

22
Q

What is infection?

A

microbial replication/multiplication

23
Q

What is disease?

A

the spread of the replicated microbes to tissue and organs

24
Q

What is it called when microbes start to cause permanent damage?

A

sequelae

Microbiology (12 decks)

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