Conceptual Physics-Atom Minni Unit Flashcards
What/Where are the parts of and atom?
Protons- in nucleus
Neutrons- in nucleus
Electrons- in energy cloud
What are the smallest particles that still have all the properties of an element?
Atoms
What sub-atomic particle moves easily?
Electron
What are the charges of each sub-atomic particle?
Proton- positive
Neutron- neutral
Electron- negative
How does an atom become charged?
If it gains electrons- it is negatively charged
If it loses electrons- it is positively charged
Why are certain objects attracted to or repelled from each other?
This is caused by the objects’ respective charges: opposites attract; like charges repel.
Why can’t protons and neutrons move from atom to atom?
They are tightly bound in the nucleus and they define the element of the atom.
A negative atom has more blank than blank.
Electrons, protons
A positive atom has more blank than blank.
Protons, electrons
If a negative object is repelled from a surface, the surface has what charge?
Negative
Two objects are attracted to each other. One is positive. Therefore…
The other object is negative
What makes up all matter?
atoms
What particles make up atoms?
protons, neutrons and electrons
Which sub-atomic particles have charges?
protons (positive)
electrons (negative)
Where can electrons be found
in the energy cloud of the atom (flying/orbiting the atom, or moving to another atom)
charged particles create what kind of force with other charged particles?
electrostatic
neutral charges are blank by other charges.
attracted
atoms and molecules are held together by blank.
electrostatic force
What are the smallest particles that still have all the properties of an element?
atoms
How can an object become electrically charged?
by friction
by conduction
by polarization/induction
atom
smallest particle that still has all the properties of a certain element
sub-atomic particle
makes up an atom; does not have the qualities of one particular element
neutron
sub-atomic particle; neutral (no) charge; located in the nucleus of an atom; does not easily move between atoms
electron
sub-atomic particle; negative charge; located in the energy cloud of an atom; easily moves from atom to atom
proton
sub-atomic particle; positive charge; located in the nucleus of atom; does not easily move between atoms
electrostatic
static electricity, or stationary electric charges, or stationary build up/lack of electrons in an object
nucleus
center of an atom where most of the mass (protons and neutrons) is located
net charge
overall (total) amount of charges, either positive, negative, or neutral (the later meaning it has no net charge)
conduction
when one object touches another (when discussing electrostatic matters, it means the transfer of electrons when two objects touch).
attraction
when two or more objects (are compelled to) move towards each other (like when opposite charges are placed next to each other)
repulsion
when two or more objects (are compelled to) move away from each other (like when like charges are placed next to each other)
element
basic substance that can’t be simplified
melecules
two or more atoms that are chemically joined together
compound
atoms bonded together that contain at least tow different elements
periodic table of elements
a table in which the chemical elements are arranged in order
examples of elements
gold, silver, carbon, lead, oxygen, hydrogen
examples of molecules
O2 (oxygen), H2 (hydrogen), CO2 (carbon dioxide), H2O (water), N2 (nitrogen), Cl2 (chlorine), NO (Nitrogen Oxide), NO2 (Nitrogen dioxide)
examples of compounds
CO2 (carbon dioxide), H2O (water), NO (Nitrogen Oxide), NO2 (Nitrogen dioxide), CO2 (carbon dioxide)
