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Hepatitis B > Components of the blood > Flashcards

Components of the blood Flashcards

1
Q

What is in the blood

A

Plasma, red blood cells, white blood cells and platelets

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2
Q

What is in plasma

A

Ions, gases, water, waste, hormones, proteins, nutrients etc

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3
Q

What are red blood cells known as

A

Erythrocytes

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4
Q

How much of our blood do red blood cells make up

A

40-45%

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5
Q

Function of red blood cells

A

Deliver oxygen to our tissues using haemoglobin

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6
Q

Specialisations of red blood cells

A

Biconcave shape, no nucleus, small

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7
Q

Function of erythropoietin

A

Stimulate red blood cell synthesis

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8
Q

Life span of red blood cell

A

100 -120 days

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9
Q

How many red blood cells does an adult have

A

Approx 20 -30 trillion

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10
Q

How much of our cells do red blood cells represent

A

70%

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11
Q

Where does haemoglobin bind

A

Lungs - high partial pressure as high saturation of oxygen

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12
Q

Where does haemoglobin dissociate

A

Tissues - low partial pressure as low saturation of oxygen

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13
Q

What does sickle cell do red blood cells

A

Causes them to become long and flat

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14
Q

Life expectancy of someone with sick cell

A

40-60 years

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15
Q

What causes sickle cell

A

A change in the beta globin gene (6th codon) DNA changes from GAG to GTG

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16
Q

What is anaemia

A

Low rbc count or lower amounts of haemoglobin in circulation

17
Q

What is polycythemia

A

High haemotacrit - high amount of blood that is rbc. Due to high rbc production or low plasma level

18
Q

Normal range of wbc

A

Men: 4.7- 6.1 million/ ul
Women: 4.2-5.4 million/ ul

19
Q

What are platelets known as

A

Thrombocytes

20
Q

Role of platelets

A

Blood clotting

21
Q

Normal platelet count

A

150,000 - 450,000/ ul

22
Q

Low platelet count

A

Less than 50,000 - thrombocytopenia

23
Q

What are white blood cells known as

A

Leukocytes

24
Q

Function of monocytes

A

Differentiate into macrophages, respond to inflammation & bacterial infection - blob shaped

25
Q

Function of eosinophils

A

Target parasites and inflammation - boob shaped

26
Q

Function of basophils

A

Release histamine, initiate inflammatory response - - grape shaped

27
Q

Function of neutrophil

A

Respond to microbial infection and fungi - bunch shaped

28
Q

Function of lymphocytes

A

Production of antibodies

29
Q

Which wbc is the most abundant

A

Neutrophil

30
Q

Normal wbc count

A

3,500 - 10,500

31
Q

Lower than normal wbc count name

A

Leukopenia

32
Q

High than normal wbc count name

A

Leukocytosis

33
Q

mnemonic to remember prevalence of wbc

A

Never Let Monkeys Eat Bananas

Neutrophils - 60-70% 
Leukocytes - 20-30% 
Monocytes - 1- 6% 
Eosinophils - 1-3% 
Basophils - less than 1%
34
Q

How much of our total blood volume is plasma

A

55%

Hepatitis B (39 decks)

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