Basic tissue types

Question 1

What is a tissue

Answer 1

A tissue is a collection of cells which have similar structure and function and perform common functions

Question 2

What are the 4 basic tissue types

Answer 2

Epithelial, connective, muscle and nervous

Question 3

What is the function of epithelial tissue

Answer 3

Covers body surface and lines internal organs

Question 4

What is the function of connective tissue

Answer 4

Support and protection, stores energy

Question 5

What is the function of muscle tissue

Answer 5

Movement

Question 6

What is the function of nervous tissue

Answer 6

Sends and receives information about stimuli

Question 7

What is epithelial tissue attached to underlying connective tissue with

Answer 7

Basement membrane

Question 8

What is the basement membrane/ basal lamina

Answer 8

A specialised form of extracellular matrix. It can be organised in three ways:

1) It can surround cells
2) It lies underneath sheets of epithelial cells
3) It separates two sheets of cells

Question 9

Properties of epithelial tissue

Answer 9

Non- vascularised, cells divide rapidly, tightly packed together, continuous sheet

Question 10

Types of epithelium

Answer 10

Simple epithelium, stratified epithelium

Question 11

What is simple epithelium

Answer 11

One layer

Flay scale- shaped cells

Question 12

What is stratified epithelium

Answer 12

Two layers

The higher the number of layers, the more protective

Question 13

Properties of stratified epithelium

Answer 13

Good at withstanding abrasion, constantly dividing. Cells in the bottom layer divide and the daughter cells move to the surface maturing and then degenerating. Can either be keratinising or non- keratinising

Question 14

What is pseudostratified epithelium

Answer 14

Nuclei are at different heights, not in contact with basal lamina. Found in most major airways, looks like more than one layer

Question 15

Types of epithelial tissue

Answer 15

Squamous (salivary duct lining), columnar (gut tissues), cuboidal (kidney tubules) and transitional - all different types (Urinary tract)

Question 16

Epithelial tissue specialisations

Answer 16

Cilia - hair like projections. Found in the upper respiratory tract
Keratin - insoluble fibrous protein
Microvili - help absorption by increasing surface area

Question 17

Connective tissue function

Answer 17

Binds structures together, provides support and protection, stores fat
Most abundant tissue type in the body
Has a good bloody supply

Question 18

Types of connective tissue proper

Answer 18

Loose irregular (areolar) connective tissue, dense irregular connective tissue

Question 19

Specialised types of connective tissue

Answer 19

Dense regular connective tissue (found in tendons and ligaments), adipose tissue, blood, cartilage, bone

Question 20

Where does cartilage form

Answer 20

The end of articulating joints

Question 21

Types of muscle tissue

Answer 21

Smooth, skeletal (started), cardiac

Question 22

What makes up the CNS

Answer 22

The brain and spinal cord

Question 23

What makes up the PNS

Answer 23

Everything else - cranial nerves, spinal nerves, peripheral nerves etc

Question 24

Function of nervous tissue

Answer 24

Send and receive information about stimuli.
Sensory
Integration
Motor

Question 25

Function of neurons

Answer 25

Transmit signals

Question 26

Function of neuroglia

Answer 26

Protection, support

Question 27

What is a synapse

Answer 27

Chemical gap where message is transmitted via a neurotransmitter

Question 28

What makes up the brainstem

Answer 28

Midbrain, pons and medulla