Col. Book: Systems Of The Body, Cells & Tissues Flashcards
What is a system?
A collection of organs and structures sharing a common function
Skeletal system
Consists of bones & the ligaments that secure the bones at joints
Articular system
Comprises both fixed & movable joints
Muscular system
Includes the skeletal muscles that move the skeleton, the face and other structures & give form to the body
Cardiac muscle
Pumps blood through the heart
Smooth muscle
Moves the contents of viscera, vessels, glands and also moves the hair on skin
Cardiovascular system
Consists of the four-chambered heart;
(Left & Right Atrium)
(Left & Right Ventricle)
- arteries: conducting blood to the tissues
- capillaries: nutrients, gases & molecular material pass through & from the tissue
- veins: returning blood from the tissues to the heart
Lymphatic system
A system of vessels assisting the veins in recovering the body’s tissue fluids and returning them to the heart.
Lymph nodes filter lymph throughout the body
Respiratory system
Consists of the upper & lower respiratory tract (nose through larynx & trachea through the air spaces of the lungs)
Digestive system
Consists of an alimentary canal & glands. It performs the breakdown, digestion and assimilation of food and excretion of residua.
Glands include;
- liver
- pancreas
- biliary system (gallbladder & related ducts)
Urinary system
Responsible for the conservation of water & maintenance of a neutral acid-base balance in the body fluids.
Kidneys are the main functionaries of this system; residual fluid (urine) is excreted through ureters to the urinary bladder for retention and discharged to the outside through the urethra.
Immune/lymphoid system
Consists of multiple organs involved in body defense.
Includes a diffuse arrangement of immune-related cells throughout the body.
These cells resist invasive microorganisms & remove damaged or otherwise abnormal cells.
Female reproductive system
- Secretes sex hormones
- Produces & transports germ cells (ova)
- Receives & transports male germ cells to fertilization site
- Maintains the developing embryo/fetus
- Sustains the fetus until birth
Male reproductive system
- Secretes male sex hormones
- Forms & maintains germ cells (sperm)
- Transports germ cells to the female genital tract
