CNS blood supply Flashcards by Rachel Muxlow

How does the internal carotid A enter the cranial cavity?

Through the carotid canal, then cavernous sinus, emerging on anterior clinoid process

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What are the two main divisions of the ICA?

Anterior cerebral A
Middle cerebral A

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What are other branches of the ICA?

Superior and inferior caroticotympanic branches
Superior and inferior hypophysial A
Ophthalmic A
Posterior communicating A
Anterior choroidal A

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What is the course of the posterior communicating A?

Runs backwards connecting with PCA to form part of the circle of Willis

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What is supplied by the anterior choroidal A?

Enters inferior horn of lateral ventricle

Crus cerebri
Lateral geniculate body
Optic tract
Internal capsule

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How does the ACA enter the cerebrum?

Through the longitudinal fissure

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What connects the two opposite ACAs?

Anterior communicating A

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What cerebral structure is related to the course of the MCA?

Course runs along lateral sulcus

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What is supplied by the central branches of ACA?

Lentiform nucleus
Caudate
Parts of internal capsule

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What is supplied by the cortical branches of ACA?

Medial part of cerebral cortex to parieto-occipital sulcus
1” strip of cortex on lateral surface

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What are the segments of the ACA?

A1 - precommunicating
A2 - infracallosal
A3 - precallosal
A4 - supracallosal
A5 - postcallosal

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What is supplied by the central branches of the MCA?

Lentiform nucleus
Caudate
Parts of internal capsule

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What is supplied by the cortical branches of the MCA?

Most of lateral surface of hemispheres

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What is the vertebral A a branch of?

Subclavian A

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How does the vertebral A ascend through the neck?

Through the foramen transversarium of the upper six cervical vertebra

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How does the vertebral A enter the cranial cavity?

Through foramen magnum

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What are the branches of the vertebral A?

Meningeal branches
Posterior spinal A
Anterior spinal A - from both sides
Posterior inferior cerebellar A

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What is supplied by the meningeal branches of vertebral A?

Dura mater of posterior cranial fossa

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What is supplied by the PICA?

Inferior surface of vermis
Central nuclei of cerebellum
Inferior surface of cerebellum
Lateral zone of medulla
Choroid plexus of fourth ventricle

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How is the basilar A formed?

Joining of the 2 opposite vertebral arteries and the medullary-pontine junction

What are the branches of the basilar A?

Pontine branches
Labyrinthine A
Anterior inferior cerebellar A
Superior cerebellar A

What is supplied by the labyrinthine A?

Enters ear through internal acoustic meatus

What is supplied by the AICA?

Anterior and inferior part of cerebellum
A few branches to pons and the upper medulla oblongata

What is supplied by SCA?

Superior surface of cerebellum
Upper pons
Pineal body
Superior medullary velum

What is formed by the bifurcation of the basilar A?

R and L posterior cerebral A

What is supplied by the cortical branches of the PCA?

Inferolateral and medial surface of temporal lobe Lateral and medial surface of occipital lobe

What is supplied by the central branches of the PCA?

Thalamus Lentiform nucleus Midbrain Pineal gland Medial geniculate body

What is supplied by the choroidal branch of the PCA?

Supplies choroid plexuses of lateral ventricle and 3rd ventricle

What arteries contribute to the circle of Willis?

R and L ACAs Anterior communicating A R and L ICAs R and L posterior communicating As R and L posterior cerebral As

What is supplied by the anteromedial branches of the circle of Willis?

Supraoptic and preoptic region of the hypothalamus

What is supplied by the paired anterolateral branches of the circle of Willis?

Corpus striatum Internal capsule

What is supplied by the posteromedial branches of the circles of Willis?

Pituitary gland Regions of hypothalamus Subthalamus Thalamus tegmentum Crus cerebri of midbrain

What is supplied by the posterolateral branches of the circle of Willis?

Thalamus

What is unique about cranial veins?

No muscular tissue No valves

What are the external cerebral veins?

Superficial cerebral V Superficial middle cerebral V Deep middle cerebral V

What drains into the superficial cerebral V?

Lateral surface of cerebral hemisphere

What drains into the superior sagittal sinus?

Superficial cerebral V

What drains into the superficial middle cerebral V?

Lateral surface of cerebral hemisphere

What drains into the cavernous sinus?

Superficial middle cerebral V

What drains into the deep cerebral vein?

Insula

What drains into the straight sinus?

Deep middle cerebral V Great cerebral V

What veins join to form the two internal cerebral veins?

Thalamostriate V Choroidal V

What vein is formed by the merging of the two internal cerebral veins?

Great cerebral vein

What drains into the transverse sinus?

Superior sagittal sinus Straight sinus

What does the transverse sinus drain into?

Sigmoid sinus to internal jugular

What does the transverse sinus drain into?

Sigmoid sinus to internal jugular

What drains into the great cerebral V?

Midbrain Pons Cerebellum

What veins drain the medulla?

Into veins of spinal cord via basilar venous plexus