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Haematology > Clotting Screen > Flashcards

Clotting Screen Flashcards

1
Q

What is testing in a clotting screen?

A 
PT
INR
APTT
Thrombin time 
Fibrinogen
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2
Q

What is PT?

A

Prothrombin time

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3
Q

What is the normal PT?

A

10-14 seconds

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4
Q

What does PT measure?

A

Time taken for the blood to clot via the extrinsic pathway

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5
Q

What is INR?

A

International normalised ration

Standardised version of PT

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6
Q

What is the normal INR?

A

0.8-1.2

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7
Q

What is APTT?

A

Activated partial thromboplastin time

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8
Q

What is the normal APTT?

A

25-35 seconds

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9
Q

What does APTT measure?

A

Time taken for blood clot via the intrinsic pathway

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10
Q

What does thrombin time measure?

A

How fast fibrinogen is converted to fibrin by thrombin

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11
Q

What is the normal thrombin time?

A

10-15 seconds

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12
Q

What is the normal fibrinogen level?

A

200-400 mg/dL

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13
Q

What can cause chronic low fibrinogen levels?

A

Liver disease

Malnutrition

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14
Q

What can cause acute low fibrinogen levels?

A

DIC

Large blood transfusions

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15
Q

What can cause physiological high fibrinogen levels?

A

Pregnancy
Oral contraceptives
HRT

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16
Q

What can cause pathological high fibrinogen levels?

A 
Acute infections 
Coronary heart disease
MI 
Inflammatory disorders
Stroke 
Trauma
17
Q

What can cause a prolonged PT with a normal APTT?

A

Liver disease
Low vit K
Low/defective factor VII

18
Q

What can cause a normal PT with a prolonged APTT?

A

Low/defective

  • factor VIII
  • factor IX
  • factor XI
  • factor XII

Von Willebrand disease

Lupus anticoagulant

19
Q

What can cause a prolonged PT and prolonged APTT?

A

Low/defective

  • factor I
  • factor II
  • factor V
  • factor X

Liver disease
DIC

20
Q

What can cause a normal PT and APTT with a bleeding/clotting disorder?

A

Low platelet function
Thrombocytopenia
Factor XIII deficiency

Haematology (28 decks)

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