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Radiation Therapy and Oncology 1 (RADT123)(2021) > Classification Of Tumours > Flashcards

Classification Of Tumours Flashcards

1
Q

Basal Cell Carcinoma (BCC)

A
  • Basal Cell
  • Malignant
  • Do not metastasize
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2
Q

Papilloma

A
  • Squamous Cell

- Benign

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3
Q

Squamous Cell Carcinoma (SCC)

A
  • Squamous Cell
  • Malignant
  • Frequently occurs in skin
  • Arises in any squamous epithelium (Tongue, larynx, bronchus)
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4
Q

Papilloma

A
  • Transitional Cell
  • Benign
  • Bladder papillomata are regarded as being pre-malignant lesions
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5
Q

Transitional cell carcinoma

A
  • Transitional Cell
  • Malignant
  • arises in urinary tract
  • could be multiple lesions
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6
Q

Adenoma

A
  • Glandular epithelium
  • columnar Cell
  • Benign
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7
Q

Adenocarcinoma

A
  • Glandular epithelium
  • columnar cells
  • Malignant
  • arise in Glandular organs (pituitary, salivary, thyroid)
  • arise in Glandular tissue (intestine, lungs)
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8
Q

Cystadenoma

A

-Glandular epithelium
-columnar cells
-Benign
-

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9
Q

Cystadenocarcinoma

A
  • Glandular epithelium
  • Malignant
  • columnar cells
  • adenomas have cystic characteristics
  • typically ovaries, breast and thyroid
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10
Q

Papilloma

A

-Glandular epithelium
-Benign
-

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11
Q

Papillary Adenocarcinoma

A
  • Glandular epithelium
  • columnar cells
  • Malignant
  • tumour arises in thyroid gland
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12
Q

Carcinomas

A

Tumours arising from epithelium tissue

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13
Q

Sarcomas

A

Tumours arise from connective and soft tissue

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14
Q

Lipoma

A
  • Benign
  • adipose tissue (fat)
  • common in neck, shoulders and butt.
  • can grow very large
  • soft yellow fatty tumours
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15
Q

Liposarcoma

A
  • Malignant
  • adipose tissue (fat tissue)
  • very rare
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16
Q

Osteoma

A
  • Benign

- bone

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17
Q

Osteosarcoma

A
  • Malignant
  • bone
  • highly Malignant
  • occurs in older children and young adults
  • typically in distal end of femur
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18
Q

Ewing Sarcoma

A
  • Malignant
  • bone
  • occurs in pelvis, femur, humerus, ribs, clavicle
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19
Q

Chondroma

A
  • Benign
  • cartilage
  • affects metacarpals and end of long bones
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20
Q

Chondrosarcoma

A
  • Malignant

- cartilage

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21
Q

Fibroma

A

-fibrous tissue
-Benign
-

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22
Q

Fibrosarcoma

A
  • Malignant
  • fibrous tissue
  • occurs in younger adults and middle age children
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23
Q

Leiomyoma

A

-smooth muscle
-Benign
-

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24
Q

Leiomyosarcoma

A
  • Malignant
  • smooth muscle
  • common in uterus and intestines
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25
Q

Rhabdomyoma

A
  • Benign

- striated muscle

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26
Q

Rhabdomyosarcoma

A
  • Malignant
  • striated muscle
  • occurs in children
  • arises from skeletal muscle
  • also in nasopharynx and uro-genital area
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27
Q

Mesothelioma

A
  • Malignant
  • mesothelial cells
  • found in lining of pleura and peritoneum
  • caused by exposure to asbestos
  • very Malignant
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28
Q

Synovioma

A
  • Benign

- synovial membrane

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29
Q

Synovial sarcoma

A
  • Malignant
  • synovial membrane
  • typically affects large joints (knee, hip, ankle)
30
Q

Meningioma

A
  • Benign

- meninges

31
Q

Meningeal sarcoma

A
  • Malignant

- rare

32
Q

Neurilemmoma

A
  • Benign

- neurilemma (Schwann cells in nerve sheath)

33
Q

Neurofibrosarcoma

A
  • Malignant

- neurilemma (Schwann cells in nerve sheath)

34
Q

Haemongioma

A
  • Benign
  • blood vessels
  • found in skin
  • can affect muscle, bone, viscera and central nervous system
35
Q

Haemangiosarcoma

A
  • Malignant
  • rare
  • blood vessels
  • highly Malignant
36
Q

Lymphangioma

A
  • Benign
  • lymph vessels
  • congenital in origin
37
Q

Lymphangiosarcoma

A
  • Malignant
  • rare
  • lymph vessels
38
Q

Lymphoma

A
  • Lymphoid tissue

- Benign

39
Q

Malignant Lymphoma ( Hodgkin’s Disease)

A
  • Malignant

- lymphoid tissue

40
Q

Non-hodgkin’s lymphoma

A
  • Malignant

- lymphoid tissue

41
Q

Burkett’s Lymphoma

A
  • Malignant
  • lymphoid tissue
  • specifically affects children
  • confined to malarial areas
42
Q

Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia

A

Lymphoblasts
Malignant
Most common of Malignant diseases affecting children

43
Q

Chronic Lymphocytic Leukemia

A

Lymphocytes

Chronic form of leukemia occurring in adults

44
Q

Granulocytic leukaemia

A

Granulocytes
Malignant
Myeloid Leukemia
Occurs in acute and chronic forms

45
Q

Monocytic Leukemia

A

Monocytes
Malignant
Chronic is very rare

46
Q

Malignant histiocytosis

A

Histiocytes
Malignant
Rare hereditary disease

47
Q

Reticulum Cell sarcoma

A

Histiocytic lymphoma
Malignant
Rare type of non-hodgkins Lymphoma

48
Q

Mycosis fungoides

A

Reticular-epithelial cell’s of skin
Malignant
Most common form of cutaneous T-Cell Lymphoma
Affects skin

49
Q

Myeloma

A

Plasma cells

Malignant

50
Q

Primary polycythaemia

A

Erythrocytes
Malignant
Bone marrow makes too many red blood cells —> therefor blood is thicker

51
Q

Astrocytoma

A

Astrocytes

Malignant

52
Q

Oligodendroglioma

A

Oligodendrocytes
Malignant
Occur in white matter of the brain in frontal lobe

53
Q

Medulloblastoma

A

Malignant
Primitive Glial cells
Malignant tumours affect children

54
Q

Ependymoma

A

Ependyma
Malignant
Different degrees

55
Q

Neurocytoma

A

Neurocyte
Benign
Extremely rare tumour

56
Q

Neuroblastoma

A

Neuroblasts
Malignant
In cells of sympathetic ganglia almost exclusively in children

57
Q

Phaeochromocytoma

A

Phaeochromocytes
Malignant
Rare tumours
Generally Benign but can be Malignant

58
Q

Retinoblastoma

A

Retina
Malignant
Hereditary

59
Q

Nephroblastoma

A

Kidney
Malignant
Wilms tumour
Primarily affects children

60
Q

Hepatoblastoma

A

Liver

Malignant

61
Q

Hyatidiform mole

A

Benign

Foetal tissue

62
Q

Chorioncarcinoma

A

Foetal tissue

63
Q

Malignant teratoma

A

Malignant
Germ cells
Most often in testis

64
Q

Teratoma

A

Benign

Germ cells

65
Q

Seminoma

A

Germ cells
Malignant
Carcinoma of seminiferous epithelium

66
Q

Dysgerminoma

A

Malignant

Germ cells

67
Q

Mixed salivary tumour

A

Malignant
Mixed cellular origin
Parotid Gland most common

68
Q

Chemo-dectoma

A

Chemo-receptors
Benign
Carotid body tumours

69
Q

Chordoma

A

Notochord

Malignant

70
Q

Melanoma

A

Benign

Pigmented cell’s

71
Q

Malignant melanoma

A

Malignant
Pigmented cell’s
Most frequently in skin

Radiation Therapy and Oncology 1 (RADT123)(2021) (18 decks)

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