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Biology 156 > Circulatory System > Flashcards

Circulatory System Flashcards

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1
Q

What does the circulatory system consist of?

A

The heart, blood vessels, and blood

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2
Q

What are the functions of the circulatory system?

A

Move gases, nutrients, and waste to all the tissues for exchange. Defense of the body from microbes and reduces non-function cells. Form blood clots and stop bleeding.

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3
Q

What is the function of the heart?

A

Pumps blood

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4
Q

What divides the right and left side of the heart?

A

The septum

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5
Q

Which side of the heart carries oxygenated blood?

A

The left side

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6
Q

Which side of the heart carries deoxygenated blood?

A

The right side

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7
Q

What does systemic mean?

A

Body

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8
Q

What does pulmonary mean?

A

Lungs

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9
Q

What side of the heart does blood enter first?

A

The left side

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10
Q

What is the order of blood through the body?

A

Lungs –> Pulmonary veins –> Left atrium –> Left Ventricle –> Aorta –> Body –> Vena Cava –> Right atrium –> Right ventricle –> Pulmonary arteries –> Lungs

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11
Q

What are between the heart chambers to prevent back flow?

A

Valves

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12
Q

What is the tricuspid valve?

A

A valve with 3 valves located between the right ventricle and atrium that prevents back flow into the atrium

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13
Q

What is the bicuspid valve?

A

The mitral valve located between the atrium and ventricle which prevent back flow into the atrium

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14
Q

What are the semilunar valves?

A

Valves between the ventricle and arteries that prevent back flow into the ventricles

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15
Q

Where is the highest blood pressure?

A

In the arteries

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16
Q

Where is the lowest blood pressure?

A

In the veins

17
Q

What contracts between heart contractions keeping the blood pressure up?

A

Smooth muscle

18
Q

Where are a series of one way valves located?

A

In the veins

19
Q

What is the purpose of the one-way valves in the veins?

A

Keep the blood moving back to the heart

20
Q

What are heart beats simulated by?

A

Neural nodes

21
Q

What is the function of the sinoatrial node?

A

Signals to the atria to contract

22
Q

What is the functions of the atrioventricular node?

A

Signals the ventricles to contract

23
Q

What is the Chordae Tendinae?

A

Cords of connective tissue that keep the tricuspid and bicuspid valves from overshooting

24
Q

What is another name for red blood cells?

A

Erythrocytes

25
Q

What are the steps for blood clotting?

A

Thromboplastin is released from injured cells
Prothrombin is converted into thrombin
Thrombin converts fibrinogen into fibrin
Fibrin begins to stick platelets into a network
Platelets release more thromboplastin

26
Q

What is hypertension?

A

High blood pressure

27
Q

What is hemophilia?

A

The lack of blood clotting factors caused by the X chromosome

28
Q

What is sickle cell anemia?

A

Having malformed red blood cells

29
Q

What is leukemia?

A

A blood cancer disease found in white blood cells

30
Q

What is anemia?

A

A low rate of carrying CO2

31
Q

What is cardiovascular disease?

A

Arterial plaque build-up and damage

Biology 156 (30 decks)

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