Chronic Resoiratory Disorders Flashcards
A potentially reversible obstructive airway disorder . Airway inflammation and hyper responsiveness
Asthma
What happens during the late phase
Begins 5-6 hours after early the phase response
Red and white blood cells infiltrate swollen tissue of the airway
Air ways hyper Reactive (very sensitive )
When no specific can be identified the pt may be said to have
Intrinsic asthma
Asthma with a known trigger is called
Extrinsic asthma
What do you use for medical treatment for asthma
Bronchodilator first to open up the air sac
The use anti inflammation drugs (steroids )
What is the pathophysiology of chronic bronchitis
Bronchial inflammation
Increase production of mucous
Chronic cough that last 3 month - 2yr
What causes chronic bronchitis
Inhaled irritants cig smoke etc
What is emphysema
Degenerated nonreversible disease
enlargement of this airways
Factors associated with emphysema
Infection
Air pollution
Smoking
Left ventricular failure
S/s chronic bronchitis
Productive cough exertional dyspnea and wheezing
S/s emphysema
Dyspnea on excretion
Increased antero posterior diameter
Chronic bronchitis blue puffer s/s
Elevated shoulders
Tense muscle
Cynotic
Has chronic bronchitis
Emphysema pink puffer s/s
Breathes with as accessory muscles
Often ABG WN! Therefore skin color may be normal
abnormal condition of bronchi usually confined to one lung lobe or segment
bronchiectasis
s/s of bronchiectasis
coughing , large amount of purulent sputum
nasal stuffiness nasal drainage
heredity disorder characterized by dysfunction of exocrine glands and production of thick tenacious mucous
cystic fibrosis
s/s of cystic fibrosis
cough is the first system and comes productive with thick purulent sputum, obstructs the airway
obstruction of the pancreatic ducts
stools become bulky and foul smelling
loose more salt in sweat
with cystic fibrosis airway obstruction and decreased resistance to infections lead to
chronic bacterial infections, emphysema, atelectasis, and respiratory failure
tuberculosis is an infection caused by
mycobacterium tuberculosis
individuals with inactive tb may be treated with
INH with rifampin, rifampin with pyrazinamide, or INH alone
Inflammation of the lower respiratory tract and thickening and fibrosis of the alveolar walls, render the alveoli nonfunctional
interstitial lung disease
interstitial lung disease caused by
inhaled substance or connective tissue disorder, sometime no specific cause identified
formation of scar tissue in lung tissue after inflammation or irritation
idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis
s/s of idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis
nonproductive cough and dyspnea
inspirational crackles heard in the lungs on auscultation
clubbing of the fingertips
causes of lung caner
leading cause of death in U>S>
cig smoke leading cause
s/s of lung cancer
persistant cough, hemoptysis chest pain recurring pneumonia, dyspnea, weight loss
What happens with acute episode
Begins with triggers
Airways constriction
Mucous secretion increase
Begins 30-60 min after exposure and resolve 30-90min later
