Chile

Question 1

Who has the largest influence on Chile’s industry

Answer 1

France, esp BDX varieties

Question 2

How much is exported

Answer 2

3/4 of production

Question 3

Quinta Normal

Answer 3

1830 Claudio Gay persuades government to set up an experimental nursery with several botanical specimens, including V. vinifera cuttings (safe from phylloxera)

Question 4

1970/80s

Answer 4

Domestic consumption of basic wines decline, 1/2 of vines pulled up

Question 5

1987-1993

Answer 5

Democracy returns, significant investments in vini technology, 10,000+ ha planted to international varieties, focus on quality for export market

Question 6

What 4 companies control 80% of market

Answer 6

Concha y Toro, Santa Rita, Santa Carolina, San Pedro

Question 7

MOVI

Answer 7

Movement of Independent Vinters

Question 8

Chanchos Deslenguados

Answer 8

Group of independent producers allied to the natural wine movement

Question 9

Original and Modern areas

Answer 9

Original on warm, flat, fertile plains of Central Valley. New regions forces on cooler zones

Question 10

Result of irrigation

Answer 10

Vine roots shallow

Question 11

% is red production

Answer 11

74%

Question 12

What regions focus on Pisco

Answer 12

Atacama, Coquimbo. Most northern

Question 13

Central Valley climate

Answer 13

Generally Mediterranean

Question 14

Regions N to S

Answer 14

Coquimbo, Aconcagua, Central Valley, Southern Region

Question 15

Most planted varieties

Answer 15

CS (41,500 ha), SB (14,131 ha)

Question 16

Aconcagua

Answer 16

3 distinct zones. Interior, Panquehue, Manzanar

Question 17

Aconcagua Interior

Answer 17

One of hottest, driest regions. Alluvial soils, good reds. Errázuriz and von Siebenthal exporters

Question 18

Aconcagua Panquehue

Answer 18

Traditional vineyards, cooled by open breezes. Much gentler region. Don Maximiano from Viña Errázuriz classic

Question 19

Aconcagua Manzanar

Answer 19

Hilly coastal range, heavily influenced by cold Pacific breezes. Clay and stony soils. SB, Chard, PN. Errázuriz

Question 20

Casablanca

Answer 20

1 of 2 sources of cool-climate whites. Morning fogs from Humbolt Current. Clouds slow ripening. Frost hazards

Question 21

Casablanca varieties

Answer 21

SB, Chard, PN

Question 22

Casablanca climate

Answer 22

Alto (east)-warmer, Bajo (west)-much cooler

Question 23

Casablanca soils

Answer 23

Alto-sandy, Bajo-clay and granitic

Question 24

San Antonio

Answer 24

Other cool-climate whites region. Similar soils, climate, topography (rolling hills) to Bajo Casablanca

Question 25

San Antonio subzones

Answer 25

Lead, Lo Abaca, Rosario, malvilla

Question 26

San Antonio varieties

Answer 26

SB dominant, PN, Chard, sparkling

Question 27

Errázuriz

Answer 27

One of Chile's most prominent estates and winemaking families. Home is Panquehue

Question 28

Central Valley subregions

Answer 28

Maipo, Rapel, Maule, Southern

Question 29

Central Valley climate

Answer 29

Mediterranean w/ cool nights, Humboldt Current cools the vines

Question 30

Maipo Valley

Answer 30

Warm, well drained slopes

Question 31

Maipo Valley varieties

Answer 31

CS 50%. Merlot, Chad, Carmenère

Question 32

Main Valley producers

Answer 32

Concha y Toro, Santa Rita, Cousin Macul

Question 33

Almaviva

Answer 33

Maipo joint project w/ Baron Philippe de Rothschild and Concha y Toro

Question 34

Rapel Valley

Answer 34

South of Maipo. Split into two 1) Cachapoal Valley 2) Colchagua Valley

Question 35

Rapel varieties

Answer 35

CS dominant, Carmenère, Merlot

Question 36

Colchagua

Answer 36

Larger, central portion of the valley. Fertile soils

Question 37

Colchagua production

Answer 37

Historically bulk wine, but premium wines worked from higher-altitude eastern subregions San Fernando/Chimbarongo

Question 38

Curicó Valley

Answer 38

Subregions Lontué and Teno. Miguel Torres set up here in late 70s. CS, SB, Chard

Question 39

Maule Valley

Answer 39

Rain-fed western areas suffer from nitrogen and potassium deficiencies. One of largest region with variable quality. CS recently overtook País as most planted. Bulk wines for local consumption

Question 40

Coquimbo soils

Answer 40

Rocky and clay, alluvial stones near rivers

Question 41

Itata, Bío Bío, Malleco climate

Answer 41

Cooler, lacks protection of high coastal range. More rain

Question 42

Itata, Bío Bío, Malleco Varieties

Answer 42

50/50 red/white, País, Cinsault, Moscatel de Alejandría, Chard

Question 43

Itata, Bío Bío, Malleco viti

Answer 43

Dry farming in Itata, some drip irrigation, Lyre training

Question 44

Itata, Bío Bío, Malleco producers

Answer 44

William Fèvre for PN, Louis Antoine Luyt, Concha y Tor, VIA wines reviving País. Cono Sur