Chemotherapy Drugs Flashcards
Name the drug class that is a G-Phase DNA damage disruptors
DNA Intercalating Agents
Aside from hemorrhagic skin cystitis, What additional specific risk does cyclophosphamide pose?
CANCER (acute myelogenous leukemia)
Name the 2 drug classes that disrupt mitotic spindles
- Taxanes
2. Vinca Alkaloids
Name the 4 Drug classes that disrupt S phase
- Purine/Pyrimid Analogs
- Antimetabolites
- Antifolates
- Epipodophyllotoxins
When taking the deoxycytidine analog, Gemcitabine, watch out for ______ _____ Syndrome as a toxicity!
Hemolytic Uremic
Vinca alkaloids (vincristine) and Taxanes (paclitaxel) are both ______ _____
Microtubule disruptors
If a person has kidney disease, you would want to avoid the alkylating agent, _______ and instead use ______
Cisplatin, Carboplatin
What is they key highlighted Pyridine analog of Deoxyctidine that is used to treat cancer?
Gemcitabine
Gemcitabine is a ______ ____ drug
Deoxycytidine Analog
The epipodophyllotoxins (Etoposide), Capothecin (Irinotecan), and Anthracylcin (Doxonrubicin) all inhibit the enzyme ______
Topoisomerase
The MT disuptors Vin and Pac 3 key toxicities
- Neurotox
- ANS dysfxn
- SIADH
Considering the indication of Alkylating Agents, what are their 3 overall sideffects?
- GI problems
- Bone Marrow Depression (low immune cells)
- Reproductive system probs
Both of the Antifolate drugs, Pemetrexed and 5-FU target the enzyme _____(___) to reduce DHFR to lessen DNA & RNA biosynthesis
Thymidylate Synthase (TS)
The alkylating drug Cisplatin treats what types of cancer?
Basically all of them
Non-small and small, head, neck, lung, and GI
The deoxycytidine analog, Gemcitabine inhibits which two enzymes?
- Ribonucleatide Reductase
2. DNA polymerase
Aside from nephrotoxicity and ototoxicity, what major and speific toxicity occurs with Cisplatin?
Irreversible Nerve Dysfunction
Name the 3 Topoisomerase inhibitors
- Etoposide
- Irinotecan
- Doxorubicin
Etoposide, Irinotecan, and Doxorubicin are all _____ inhibitors
Topoisomerase
In order to become a Pur/Pyr, Folate become Dihydrofolate, then Tetrahydrofolate via the enzyme ______
DiHydrofolate Reductase (DHFR)
Considering that Irinotecan the Topo 1 inhibitor treats colorectal cancer, the most common toxicity is ______
Diarrhea
Vincristine and Paclitaxel are both MT disruptors disrupting mitosis, however Vin ____ polymerization, whereas Pac _____ polymerization
- Vin inhibits
- Pac promotes
Aside from myelosuppression and GI problems, the Anthracyclin, Doxorubicin’s MAJOR SEVERE toxicity is ______
CARDIOTOXICITY
2-3 days watch for arrhythmias
Purine/Pyrimidine analogs, antimetabolites, antifolates, and Epipodophyllo toxins all block the ____ phase of the cell cycle.
S
Pemetrexed and 5-Fluorouracil are both ______ Cancer Drugs
Anti-Folate
Carboplatin vs Cisplatin
Carbo is better for the kidneys!
Out of the topoisomerase cancer drugs, why is Irinotecan different?
It targets Topoisomerase 1
- Etoposide and Doxorubicin target Topo 2
What is the indication for Alkylating Agents?
Treating Rapidly dividing cancers
Name the 3 highlighted Alkylating drugs
- Cyclophasphamide
- Cisplatin
- Carboplatin
Name the 2 highlighted Antifolate cancer drugs
- Pemetrexed
2. 5-Fluorouracil
Vin is used for _____ malignancies
Hematologic
The deoxycytidine analog, Gemcitabine treat NSCLC as well as _____ Cancer
Pancreatic
Aside from myelosuppresion, 2 key Toxicities of Etoposide, the Topo 2 inhibitor
- Hypotension
2. Alopecia
Cyclophasphamide, Cisplatin, and Carboplatin are all _____ Drugs
Alkylating
Pac is used for _____ malignancies
Solid
Irinotecan the Topo 1 inhibitor specifically treats _____ cancer
Colorectal
DO NOT USE 5-FU IF THE PATIENT HAS LOW LEVELS OF _____(_____)
Dihydropuridine Dehydrogenase (DPD)
What happens with cyclophosphamide and the liver?
The Liver activates cyclophosphamide
Aside from Gi probs, neurotoxicity, and myelosuppression, what characteristic toxicity finding indicates the use of an Antifolate drug such as Pemetrexed or 5-FU?
HAND-FOOT SYNDROME
The alkylating drug Cyclophosphamide specifically treats:
Breast and Ovarian Cancers
Alkylating Agents and DNA intercalating agents block the _____ phase of the cell cycle.
G
The anthracyclin Doxorubicin, is an Anti-tumor antibiotic that specifically treats _____ _____
Hodgkins Lymphoma
Antifolate drugs Pemetrexed and 5-Fluorouracil are only used for _____
NSCLC (adenocarcinoma in the lung)
