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Complete Pharmacology > Antiarrythmics > Flashcards

Antiarrythmics Flashcards

1
Q

Even though it’s Class 3, ____ is also a non-selective Betablocker that can block K+.

A

Sotalol

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2
Q

______ is the most effect Anti-AR drug likely because it can block Na, Ca, K, and Beta-Adrenoceptors

A

Amiodarone

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3
Q

Calcium channel blockers greatly decrease phase ____ slope

A

4

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4
Q

Mnemonic for Class 3 Antiarrhythmics?

A

“Is Bad”

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5
Q

Adenosine does what 3 things to cause Negative Hyperpolarization and suppression of calcium-dependent APs?

A
  1. Activate Inward rectifier K+ current to boot out potassium
  2. Inhibit Calcium Channel
  3. Inhibit Funny Current
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6
Q

Beta blockers are contraindicated in patients with ________

A

Wolf-Parkinson-White Syndrome

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7
Q

Anything that blocks Potassium (such as Type 1) can cause which key adverse effect?

A

Torsade De Pointes

Conduction gets slowed too much

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8
Q

How is Esmolol different than propranolo.?

A
  • Selective B1 antagonist

- Ultra Rapid half-life of 9 minutes!

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9
Q

Class 1C Anti-AR drugs 2 facts about mech of action?

A
  1. Minimal APD effect

2. Slows upstroke conduction

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10
Q

2 main Toxicities of Class 1B Anti-ARs, also what is NOT a risk?

A
  • Mainly Paresthesia and tremors

- NOT Torsades!

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11
Q

Beta Blockers dual mech of action?

A

Lower cAMP to reduce both Na and Ca currents.

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12
Q

Main usage of Class 1C Anti-AR drugs?

A 
Supraventricular Arrhythmias
(1B can't do these)
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13
Q

Class 1B Anti-AR drugs Mechanism of action?

A

Shorten APD by targeting either activated or inactivated sodium channels

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14
Q

Magnesium as an Anti-AR drug is most effective against _______

A

Torsades

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15
Q

Class 2 Anti-AR drugs are mainly ____ _____ Blocking Drugs

A

Beta Adrenoreceptor

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16
Q

In patients who have late-stage heart failure, they were given IVABRADINE, because unlike the Beta-blockers, it blocks the ____ current while preserving the heart’s contractility.

A

Funny

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17
Q

2 Indications for Class 3 Anti-ARs

A
  1. Most Vent. Arrhythmias

2. Maintain Sinus in A-fib

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18
Q

Donedarone is similar to ______ but WITHOUT iodine to avoid thryoid problems. Vernakalant and Ranolzine are also similar to this drug.

A

Amiodarone

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19
Q

Digoxin is used as an adjunctive agent to help Ventricular response during which two heart probs by slowing AV conduction?

A
  1. Atrial Fib/Flutter

2. Supravent. Arrhytmia

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20
Q

4 Main uses of Beta blockers?

A
  1. A-fib/Flutter
  2. PVCs
  3. Prevent night SupraVent Tachy
  4. Treat Catecholamine excess
21
Q

Class 4 Anti-AR drug Mechanism (3 facts)

A
  • Block both activated and Inactivated L-type calcium channel
  • INCREASE refractory period
  • DECREASE Conduction Velocity
22
Q

Aside from never mixing with Beta Blockers, Main toxic event of Class 4 Anti-ARs?

A

AV block!

23
Q

_____ is the Drug of choice for the prompt conversion of paroxysmal supraventricular tachycardia to Sinus.

A

Adenosine

24
Q

Adenosine primarily inhibits ____ nodal conduction

A

AV

25
Q

Ibutilide, Sotalol, Bretylium, Amiodarone, Dofetilide are all Class ______ Anti-AR drugs that mainly block ______ channels.

A

3, K+

26
Q

Out of the Class 3 Anti-ARs ____ and ____ are experts at treating Atrial Flutter and Atrial Fibrillation

A
  • Ibultilide

- Dofetilide

27
Q

Aside from AV block, 3 common side effects of Class 4 Anti-ARs?

A
  • Hypotension
  • Constipation
  • Edema
28
Q

Beta blockers decrease phase ____ slopes

A

4

29
Q

3 Contraindications of Type 1B Anti-ARs

A
  1. A-fib
  2. A-Flutter
  3. Supraventricular Tachy
30
Q

What is the double Mechanism of Action of Class 1A Anti-AR drugs?

A

Moderate Na+ AND K+ block to PROLONG APD and slow upstroke

Misleading bc they’re considered mainly Na blockers

31
Q

Flecainide, propafenone, moricizine are all _____ _____ _____ drugs

A

Class 1C Anti-AR

32
Q

3 Main uses of Type 1B Anti-ARs

A
  1. MI Arrhythmias
  2. V-tach
  3. Cure Digitalis Arrhythmia
33
Q

Most class 3 drugs, except ______ are reverse use-dependent; whereby unfortunately AP prolongation happens the least in areas with super fast-rates (where it is desirable).

A

Amiodarone

34
Q

3 Adverse effects of Class 3 Anti-ARs

A
  1. Long QT
  2. Torsades
  3. Bradycardia
35
Q

Which Type 1 Anti-AR drug causes a Lupus-like syndrome as a side-effect?

A

Procainamide

36
Q

5 Class 3 Anti-AR drugs

A
  1. Ibultilide
  2. Sotalol
  3. Bretylium
  4. Amiodarone
  5. Dofetiliide
37
Q

Class 3 Anti-AR mechanism

A

Block phase 2 K+ to prolong APD.

38
Q

Flecainide is the prototypical drug for Class _____ Anti-AR drugs and mainly blocks ____ channels

A

1C, Sodium

39
Q

Procainamide, Quinidine, and Disopyramide are all ______ _____ ______ drugs

A

Class 1A Antiarrhythmic

40
Q

Main toxicity of Class 1C Anti-AR drugs?

A

Lethal Arrhythmias.

41
Q

Although Amiodarone is super effective it has 4 Terrible Side-effects

A
  1. Pulmonary Fibrosis
  2. Microcrystalline deposits in eye/skin
  3. Thyroid Probs
  4. Warfarin/Digoxin Itneractions
42
Q

Class ____ Anti-AR drugs are the only ones that do not help during Ventricular Arrhytmias out of classes 1-4.

A

4

43
Q

Class ____ Anti-AR drugs are key for WPW-related arrhtymias

A

1C

44
Q

Procainamide is a prototypical class ______ antiarrhytmic drug blocking mainly _____ channels

A

1A, Sodium

45
Q

Lidocaine and Mexiletine are both _____ _____ ______ Drugs

A

Class 1B Anti-AR

46
Q

Verapamil and Diltiazem are both Class _____ Anti-AR drugs that block ____ channels

A

4, Calcium

47
Q

Name the 2 Class 4 Anti-AR drugs (Calcium Blockers)

A
  1. Verapamil

2. Diltiazem

48
Q

Mg is thought to treat arrhythmias by antagonizing ____ channels

A

Calcium

49
Q

Lidocaine is the prototypical drug of Class ______ Anti-AR drugs blocking mainly _____ channels

A

1B, Sodium

Complete Pharmacology (25 decks)

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