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Complete Pharmacology > Adrenal Drugs > Flashcards

Adrenal Drugs Flashcards

1
Q

“Sassy-Passy”—Pasireotide is an agonist at _____ receptors, used to inhibit ACTH release

A

Pasireotide

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2
Q

What is the longest acting synthetic glucocorticoid with no mineralocorticoid potency?

A

Dexamethasone

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3
Q

The main competitive glucocorticoid receptor antagonist is ____

A

Mifepristone

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4
Q

Why is there hyerpigmentation in Addison’s Disease?

A

Excess ACTH is linked to alpha melanocyte factor

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5
Q

prednisone, prednisolone, and dexamethasone are all ______

A

Glucocorticoids

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6
Q

Why do glucocorticoid drugs need to be tapered gradually?

A

May take months for body to recover own function

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7
Q

What is the main mineralocorticoid drug?

A

Fludrocortisone

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8
Q

Mifepristone competitively inhibits the _____ Receptors

A

GC

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9
Q

Name the 5 Glucocorticoid drugs

A
  1. HydroCort
  2. Cortisone
  3. Prednisone
  4. Prednisolone
  5. Dexamethasone
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10
Q

Phenoxybenzamine is an irreversible ______

A

Alpha-1 Antagonist

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11
Q

2 Intermediate duration Glucocorticoid Drugs?

A
  1. Prednisone
  2. Prednisolone
    “Predators are intermediates”
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12
Q

Mifepristone inhibits which receptor?

A

Glucocorticoid

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13
Q

Before surgically removing a pheochromocytoma, you need to give ____ before surgery and then consider ____ after surgery

A
  • Alpha Blockers

- Beta Blockers

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14
Q

DA and SST both _____ ACTH release

A

Inhibit

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15
Q

Excess glucocorticoids have toxicities on glucose, fat, and protein usually after how long?

A

Greater than 2 Weeks

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16
Q

To treat Cushing’s, ______ boosts D2 receptors and ____ boosts SST receptors ultimately to inhibit ACTH release.

A
  • Cabergoline

- Pasireotide

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17
Q

Cabergoline and Pasireotide are both _____ antagonists, but with different receptors targeting

A

ACTH

18
Q

Prazosin, Terazosin, and Doxazosin are all reversible, competetitive ______

A

Alpha-1 Antagonists

19
Q

2 MC receptor Antagonists

A
  1. Spironolactone

2. Eplerenone

20
Q

Main inhibitor of catecholamine biosynthesis via Trysoine Hydroxylase inhibition?

A

Metyrosine

21
Q

In 90% of patients, CAH results from mutations in _______, resulting in a buildup of pregnenolone that gets shunted into a Dehydroepi-androsterone pathway to make androgens. (look for ambiguous genitalia in newborns)

A

21-Beta-Hydroxylase

22
Q

3 Primary toxicities of Glucocorticoid drugs

A
  1. Osteoporosis
  2. Muscle Wasting
  3. Hyperglycemia
23
Q

First line treatment for Cushing’s Disease is ______

A

Surgery of tumor

24
Q

Of the Glucocorticoid drugs, which 2 are the shortest acting?

A
  1. Hydrocortisone

2 Cortisone

25
Q

Why does CAH need fludrocortisone?

A

Because CAH loses mineralocorticoid function in addition to glucocortocoid fxn.

26
Q

The 3 adrenal steroid biosynth inhibitors that “keep me mighty”?

A
  1. Ketoconazole
  2. Metyrapone
  3. Mitotane
27
Q

Metyrosine competitively inhibits _______ ____ to prevent _____ biosynthesis

A
  • Tyrosine Hydroxylase

- Catecholamine

28
Q

Out of the 3 Adrenal Steroid pathways, from a 21-Beta-Hydroxylase problem, which 2 get lost in CAH?

A
  1. Mineralocorticoid

2. Glucocorticoid

29
Q

Ketoconazole, Metyrapone, and mitotane inhibit the production of _____ and _____

A
  • Cortisol

- ALD

30
Q

Conn’s Syndrome

A

Excessive ALD by adrenal adenoma

31
Q

Ketoconazole, Metyrapone, and MItotane are all what class of drugs?

A

Adrenal Biosynth inhibitors

32
Q

Aside from Hyperkalemia, 3 side effects of Spironolactone

A
  1. Cardiac Arrhyth
  2. Menstrual Probs
  3. Gynecomastia
33
Q

Of the adrenal biosynth inhibitors, which has the most side effects including adnrogenic effects?

A

Metyrapone

34
Q

Of the adrenal biosynth inhibitors, which is the most non-selective?

A

Ketoconazole

blocks C17, 17,20 Lyase, 3B, C11

35
Q

3 Cabergoline DA side effects

A
  1. Cardiac Valvulopathy
  2. Dizziness
  3. Psych problems
36
Q

Spironolactone and eplerenone are both _____

A

Mineralocorticoid antagonists

37
Q

3 Pasireotide SST side effects

A
  1. GI probs
  2. Hyperglycemia
  3. Bradycardia
38
Q

“Kraber”—Cabergoline is an agonist at ____ receptors, used to inhibit ACTH release

A

Dopamine2

39
Q

2 Differences of Dexamethasone vs Cortisone, in respect to Dexa

A
  1. Dexa has no Mineralocorticoid potency

2. Dexa is longest acting (36-72hrs)

40
Q

Fludrocortisone is a _______ drug

A

Mineralocorticoid

Complete Pharmacology (25 decks)

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