Chemotherapeutic Agents ulit Pt. 3

Question 1

The ___________________________________ attacks the helper T cells (CD4 cells) within the immune system.

Answer 1

human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)

Question 2

NONNUCLEOSIDE REVERSE TRANSCRIPTASE INHIBITORS

Answer 2

delavirdine (Rescriptor), efavirenz (Sustiva), etravirine (Intelence), and nevirapine (Viramune) and rilpivirine (Edurant)

Question 3

They prevent the transfer of information that would allow the virus to carry on the formation of viral DNA

Answer 3

NONNUCLEOSIDE REVERSE TRANSCRIPTASE INHIBITORS

Question 4

NUCLEOSIDE REVERSE TRANSCRIPTASE INHIBITORS

Answer 4

abacavir (Ziagen), didanosine (Videx), emtricitabine (Emtriva), lamivudine (Epivir), stavudine (Zerit XR), tenofovir (Viread), and zidovudine (Retrovir)

Question 5

compete with the naturally occurring nucleosides within the cell that the virus would use to build the DNA chain

Answer 5

NUCLEOSIDE REVERSE TRANSCRIPTASE INHIBITORS

Question 6

compete with the naturally occurring nucleosides within the cell that the virus would use to build the DNA chain

Answer 6

zidovudine

Question 7

PROTEASE INHIBITORS

Answer 7

atazanavir (Reyataz), darunavir (Prezista). fosamprenavir (Lexiva), indinavir (Crixivan), lopinavir (Kaletra), nelfi navir (Viracept), ritonavir (Norvir), saquinavir (Fortovase), and tipranavir (Aptivus).

Question 8

block protease activity within the HIV virus

Answer 8

PROTEASE INHIBITORS

Question 9

is essential for the maturation of an infectious virus; without it, an HIV is immature and noninfective.

Answer 9

Protease

Question 10

intended to target the abnormal cells that compose the neoplasm or cancer

Answer 10

ANTINEOPLASTIC AGENTS

Question 11

start with a single cell that is genetically different from the other cells in the surrounding tissue. eventually producing a tumor or neoplasm

Answer 11

Cancer

Question 12

originated from mesenchyme and are made up of embryonic connective tissue cells

Answer 12

SARCOMA

Question 13

originated from epithelial cells

Answer 13

CARCINOMA

Question 14

ALKYLATING AGENTS

Answer 14

altretamine (Hexalen), bendamustine (Treanda), busulfan (Busulfex, Myleran), carboplatin (Paraplatin), carmustine (BiCNU, Gliadel), chlorambucil (Leukeran), cisplatin (Platinol-AQ), cyclophosphamide (Cytoxan, Neosar).

Question 15

produce their cytotoxic effects by reacting chemically with portions of the RNA, DNA, or other cellular proteins, most potent when they bind with cellular DNA.

Answer 15

ALKYLATING AGENTS

Question 16

These drugs are most useful in the treatment of slow-growing cancers such as various lymphomas, leukemias, myelomas, some ovarian, testicular, and breast Ca.

Answer 16

ALKYLATING AGENTS

Question 17

ANTIMETABOLITES

Answer 17

capecitabine (Xeloda), cladribine (Leustatin), clofarabine (Clolar), cytarabine (DepoCyt, Tarabine PFS), fl oxuridine (FUDR), fl udara bine (Fludara), fluorouracil (Adrucil, Carac, Efudex, Fluoroplex), gemcitabine (Gemzar), mercaptopurine (Purinethol), methotrexate (Rheumatrex, Trexall)

Question 18

inhibit DNA production in cells that depend on certain natural metabolites toproduce their DNA.

Answer 18

NTIMETABOLITES

Question 19

ANTINEOPLASTIC ANTIBIOTICS include:

Answer 19

bleomycin (Blenoxane), dactinomycin (Cosmegen), dau norubicin (DaunoXome), doxorubicin (Adriamycin, Doxil), epirubicin (Ellence), idarubicin (Idamycin), mitomycin (Mutamycin), mitoxantrone (Novantrone), and valrubicin (Valstar).

Question 20

MITOTIC INHIBITORS include

Answer 20

cabazitaxel (Jevtana), docetaxel (Taxotere), etoposide (Toposar, VePesid), ixabepilone (Ixempra), paclitaxel (Abraxane, Onxol, Taxol), teniposide (Vumon), vinblastine (Velban), vincristine (Oncovin, Vincasar), and vinorelbine (Navelbine).

Question 21

are used for the treatment of a variety of tumors and leukemias

Answer 21

MITOTIC INHIBITORS

Question 22

HORMONES AND HORMONE MODULATORS include:

Answer 22

anastrazole (Arimidex), bicalutamide (Casodex), degarelix (Degarelix for Injection), estramustine (Emcyt), exemestane (Aromasin), fl utamide (generic), fulvestrant (Faslodex), goserelin (Zoladex), histrelin (Vantas), letrozole (Femara), megestrol (Megace)

Question 23

are receptor-site specific or hormone specific to block the stimulation of growing cancer cells that are sensitive to the presence of that hormone

Answer 23

HORMONES AND HORMONE MODULATORS

Question 24

indicated for the treatment of breast cancer in postmenopausal women or in other women without ovarian function and some for prostatic cancers.

Answer 24

HORMONES AND HORMONE MODULATORS

Question 25

is a contraindication to the use of toremifene

Answer 25

Hypercalcemia

Question 26

act on specific enzymes that are needed for protein building by specific tumor cells and blocking of these enzymes inhibits tumor cell growth and division.

Answer 26

PROTEIN TYROSINE KINASE INHIBITORS

Question 27

PROTEIN TYROSINE KINASE INHIBITORS include

Answer 27

everolimus (Afinitor), gefitinib (Iressa), imatinib (Gleevec), lapatinib (Tykerb), nilotinib (Tasigna), pazopanib (Vorient), sorafenib (Nexavar), sunitinib (Sutent), and temsirolimus (Torisel)