Anticonvulsant Drugs

Question 1

Anticonvulsant a.k.a

Answer 1

antiepileptic drugs or recently as antiseizure drugs

Question 2

are a diverse group of pharmacological agents used in the treatment of epileptic seizures

Answer 2

Anticonvulsant

Question 3

increasingly being used in the treatment of bipolar disorder and borderline personality disorder, since many seem to act as mood stabilizers, and for the treatment of neuropathic pain

Answer 3

Anticonvulsant

Question 4

medications are FDA approved to treat seizures and many other medical conditions unrelated to seizure disorders

Answer 4

Anticonvulsant

Question 5

helps to normalise the way nerve impulses travel along the nerve cells which helps prevent or treat seizures.

Answer 5

Anticonvulsant

Question 6

is an anxiolytic, anticonvulsant and central muscle-relaxant

Answer 6

DAIZEPAM (VALIUM)

Question 7

DAIZEPAM (VALIUM) functions:

Answer 7

anxiolytic, anticonvulsant and central muscle-relaxant, treat anxiety before a procedure

Question 8

DAIZEPAM (VALIUM) belongs to a group of medications called

Answer 8

benzodiazepines

Question 9

It works by helping your nervous system calm down

Answer 9

DAIZEPAM (VALIUM)

Question 10

PHENOBARBITAL (LUMINAL) belongs to a class of drugs known as

Answer 10

barbiturate anticonvulsants/hypnotics

Question 11

It works by controlling the abnormal electrical activity in the brain that occurs during a seizure

Answer 11

PHENOBARBITAL (LUMINAL)

Question 12

his medication is also used for a short time (usually no more than 2 weeks) to help calm you or help you sleep during periods of anxiety

Answer 12

PHENOBARBITAL (LUMINAL)

Question 13

It works by affecting certain parts of the brain to cause calmness

Answer 13

PHENOBARBITAL (LUMINAL)

Question 14

PHENOBARBITAL (LUMINAL) is used for

Answer 14

no more than 2 weeks

Question 15

is a small colorless crystal used as an anticonvulsant, a cathartic, and an electrolyte replenisher in the treatment of pre-eclampsia and eclampsia

Answer 15

MAGNESIUM SULFATE

Question 16

It causes direct inhibition of action potentials in myometrial muscle cells.

Answer 16

MAGNESIUM SULFATE

Question 17

used alone and along with other medications to control partial-onset seizures (seizures that involve only one part of the brain) in adults, children, and infants 1 month of age or older

Answer 17

LEVETIRACETAM (KEPPRA)

Question 18

LEVETIRACETAM (KEPPRA) is in a class of medications called

Answer 18

anticonvulsants

Question 19

It works by decreasing abnormal excitement in the brain

Answer 19

LEVETIRACETAM (KEPPRA)

Question 20

is an anticonvulsant drug used in the prophylaxis and control of various types of seizures

Answer 20

PHENYTOIN (DILANTIN)

Question 21

PHENYTOIN (DILANTIN) is classified as a _____________________________ and despite its narrow therapeutic index

Answer 21

hydantoin derivative

Question 22

it is one of the most commonly used anticonvulsants

Answer 22

PHENYTOIN (DILANTIN)

Question 23

PHENYTOIN (DILANTIN) is commonly administered at what time?

Answer 23

evening or at night

Question 24

why is Phenytoin commonly administered at evening or night?

Answer 24

So that by the morning, there is sufficient concentration of the drug in the tissues and blood. This would reduce the risk or chances of a morning epileptic seizure

Question 25

Duration of Phenytoin

Answer 25

Long term and Lasts longer in the body and patients can get very toxic

Question 26

Therapeutic Range

Answer 26

10-20 mcg/dl

Question 27

Phenytoin below 10 mcg/dl means?

Answer 27

Seizure risk

Question 28

Phenytoin over 20 mcg/dl means?

Answer 28

Toxic Risk

Question 29

True or False Hold medications if level higher than 20?

Answer 29

True

Question 30

True or False Phenytoin should not be taken at the same time daily because of its narrow therapeutic index

Answer 30

False

Question 31

Early Signs of Phenytoin Toxicity to report to HCP:

Answer 31

- Ataxia - Hand Tremor - Slurred Speech

Question 32

Adverse Effects of Phenytoin

Answer 32

- Suicidal Ideations - Skin Rash - "new" "painful"

Question 33

Expected Side Effect of Phenytoin

Answer 33

- Bradycardia and Hypotension - Gingival hyperplasia

Question 34

what to teach patients taking Phenytoin

Answer 34

Good dental hygiene with soft toothbrush

Question 35

Priority assessment (?) when taking phenytoin

Answer 35

skin rash, fatigue, dyspnea

Question 36

Patient Teaching for Phenytoin

Answer 36

- no oral contraceptives - no stopping abruptly - take folic acid, calcium and vitamin D

Question 37

When taking Phenytoin, encourage foods such as

Answer 37

milk, cantaloupe and kale (food high in folate and vitamin D)

Question 38

in administration of Phenytoin, STOP Tube Feeding for __________________ before and after administration

Answer 38

1-2 hours

Question 39

In administration of Phenytoin, flush with _____________________________________

Answer 39

30-50 mL tap water

Question 40

Is it normal when gums bleed when taking Phenytoin?

Answer 40

Yes

Question 41

Major Adverse Affects for Levetiracetam

Answer 41

- Suicidal Thoughts - Stevens-Johnson