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Pharmacology > Anticonvulsant Drugs > Flashcards

Anticonvulsant Drugs Flashcards

1
Q

Anticonvulsant a.k.a

A

antiepileptic drugs or recently as antiseizure drugs

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2
Q

are a diverse group of pharmacological agents used in the treatment of epileptic seizures

A

Anticonvulsant

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3
Q

increasingly being used in the treatment of bipolar disorder and borderline personality disorder, since many seem to act as mood stabilizers, and for the treatment of neuropathic pain

A

Anticonvulsant

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4
Q

medications are FDA approved to treat seizures and many other medical conditions unrelated to seizure disorders

A

Anticonvulsant

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5
Q

helps to normalise the way nerve impulses travel along the nerve cells which helps prevent or treat seizures.

A

Anticonvulsant

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6
Q

is an anxiolytic, anticonvulsant and central muscle-relaxant

A

DAIZEPAM (VALIUM)

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7
Q

DAIZEPAM (VALIUM) functions:

A

anxiolytic, anticonvulsant and central muscle-relaxant, treat anxiety before a procedure

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8
Q

DAIZEPAM (VALIUM) belongs to a group of medications called

A

benzodiazepines

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9
Q

It works by helping your nervous system calm down

A

DAIZEPAM (VALIUM)

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10
Q

PHENOBARBITAL (LUMINAL) belongs to a class of drugs known as

A

barbiturate anticonvulsants/hypnotics

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11
Q

It works by controlling the abnormal electrical activity in the brain that occurs during a seizure

A

PHENOBARBITAL (LUMINAL)

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12
Q

his medication is also used for a short time (usually no more than 2 weeks) to help calm you or help you sleep during periods of anxiety

A

PHENOBARBITAL (LUMINAL)

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13
Q

It works by affecting certain parts of the brain to cause calmness

A

PHENOBARBITAL (LUMINAL)

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14
Q

PHENOBARBITAL (LUMINAL) is used for

A

no more than 2 weeks

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15
Q

is a small colorless crystal used as an anticonvulsant, a cathartic, and an electrolyte replenisher in the treatment of pre-eclampsia and eclampsia

A

MAGNESIUM SULFATE

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16
Q

It causes direct inhibition of action potentials in myometrial muscle cells.

A

MAGNESIUM SULFATE

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17
Q

used alone and along with other medications to control partial-onset seizures (seizures that involve only one part of the brain) in adults, children, and infants 1 month of age or older

A

LEVETIRACETAM (KEPPRA)

18
Q

LEVETIRACETAM (KEPPRA) is in a class of medications called

A

anticonvulsants

19
Q

It works by decreasing abnormal excitement in the brain

A

LEVETIRACETAM (KEPPRA)

20
Q

is an anticonvulsant drug used in the prophylaxis and control of various types of seizures

A

PHENYTOIN (DILANTIN)

21
Q

PHENYTOIN (DILANTIN) is classified as a _____________________________ and despite its narrow therapeutic index

A

hydantoin derivative

22
Q

it is one of the most commonly used anticonvulsants

A

PHENYTOIN (DILANTIN)

23
Q

PHENYTOIN (DILANTIN) is commonly administered at what time?

A

evening or at night

24
Q

why is Phenytoin commonly administered at evening or night?

A

So that by the morning, there is sufficient concentration of the drug in the tissues and blood. This would reduce the risk or chances of a morning epileptic seizure

25
Q

Duration of Phenytoin

A

Long term and Lasts longer in the body and patients can get very toxic

26
Q

Therapeutic Range

A

10-20 mcg/dl

27
Q

Phenytoin below 10 mcg/dl means?

A

Seizure risk

28
Q

Phenytoin over 20 mcg/dl means?

A

Toxic Risk

29
Q

True or False
Hold medications if level higher than 20?

A

True

30
Q

True or False
Phenytoin should not be taken at the same time daily because of its narrow therapeutic index

A

False

31
Q

Early Signs of Phenytoin Toxicity to report to HCP:

A
  • Ataxia
  • Hand Tremor
  • Slurred Speech
32
Q

Adverse Effects of Phenytoin

A
  • Suicidal Ideations
  • Skin Rash - “new” “painful”
33
Q

Expected Side Effect of Phenytoin

A
  • Bradycardia and Hypotension
  • Gingival hyperplasia
34
Q

what to teach patients taking Phenytoin

A

Good dental hygiene with soft toothbrush

35
Q

Priority assessment (?) when taking phenytoin

A

skin rash, fatigue, dyspnea

36
Q

Patient Teaching for Phenytoin

A
  • no oral contraceptives
  • no stopping abruptly
  • take folic acid, calcium and vitamin D
37
Q

When taking Phenytoin, encourage foods such as

A

milk, cantaloupe and kale (food high in folate and vitamin D)

38
Q

in administration of Phenytoin, STOP Tube Feeding for __________________ before and after administration

A

1-2 hours

39
Q

In administration of Phenytoin, flush with _____________________________________

A

30-50 mL tap water

40
Q

Is it normal when gums bleed when taking Phenytoin?

A

Yes

41
Q

Major Adverse Affects for Levetiracetam

A
  • Suicidal Thoughts
  • Stevens-Johnson

Pharmacology (13 decks)

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