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Chemical reactions Flashcards

1
Q

When describing matter explain its…

A

properties/characteristics and how it changes

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2
Q

physical property

A

a characteristic of a substance that can be observed without changing the substance

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3
Q

chemical property

A

a characteristic of a substance that describes its ability to change into other substances

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4
Q

physical change

A

any change that alters the form/appearance of a substance but does not make the substance into another substance

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5
Q

chemical change/reaction

A

atoms rearranging to form new substances with different chemical/physical properties

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6
Q

reactants

A

substances that undergoes a change in a chemical reaction

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7
Q

products

A

t he product of a chemical reaction

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8
Q

chemical changes occur when bonds…

A

break/form that produces new substances

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9
Q

chemical reactions involve changes in…

A

properties and changes that you can observe

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10
Q

to detect chemical reactions observes changes in…

A

properties of the metals involved

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11
Q

precipitate

A

a solid that form from a solution during a chemical reaction

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12
Q

chemical reactions absorb or liberate…

A

heat

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13
Q

breaking bonds require…

A

energy

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14
Q

endothermic reaction

A

making/breaking of bonds resulting in an absorption of energy

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15
Q

Exothermic reaction

A

making/breaking of bonds in a result of a net release in energy

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16
Q

chemical equations

A

a short, easy way to show a chemical reation, using symbols instead of words that have a common structure

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17
Q

the number of reactants and products can vary while some…

A

only have one

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18
Q

a chemical equation tells you the substance that you…

A

start and end with in a reaction

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19
Q

conservation of matter

A

principal that states that matter is neither created or destroyed during a chemical reactoin

20
Q

the number of atoms stays the same no matter how…

A

they’re arranged in a chemical reaction

21
Q

open system

A

matter can enter or escape to its surroundings

22
Q

closed system

A

matter is not allowed to enter or leave

23
Q

to describe a reaction accurately, chemical equation must show the same…

A

number of elements on either side

24
Q

coeffecient

A

a number placed in front of a chemical formula

25
the three general types of chemical reactions are...
synthesis, decomposition, and replacement.
26
synthesis
when 2 or more elements/compounds combine to make a more complex substance
27
deocmposition
when compounds break into simpler products
28
replacement
when one element replaces another in a compound
29
in a double replacement reaction, elements in one compounds trade places with...
elements in another compound
30
a reaction cannot begin if the reactants have enough...
energy to break their chemical bonds
31
activation energy
the minimum amount of energy needed to start a chemical reaction
32
all chemical reactions require a certain amount of...
activation energy to get started
33
every chemical reaction needs...
activation energy
34
it depends on if a reaction is exothermic or endothermic to determine of the reactions needs...
more energy or notf
35
actors that affects rates of a reaction include...
surface area, temperature, concentration, and the presence of catalysts and inhibitors
36
chunks of solid + liquid or gas = particles on the...
surface of a solid that come into contact with other reactants
37
breaking a solid into smaller pieces makes more particles become...
exposed and makes the reaction happen faster which could be dangerous
38
when heating a reaction, the particles move faster increasing the reaction rate in two ways:
1. particles come in contact more often, more changes for reactions to happen 2. faster moving particles have more energy which causes more particles to get over the activation energy "hump"
39
concentration
the amount of a substance in a given volume
40
increasing the concentration of reactants supplies more...
particles to react
41
catalyst
a material that increases rate of reaction by lowering activation energy
42
enzymes
biological catalysts in cells
43
inhibitor
a material used to decrease the rate of a reaction
44
combustion
a rapid reaction between oxygen and fuel that is exothermic
45
fuel
a material that releases energy when it burns
46
what is in the fire triangle
heat, fuel, and oxygen

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