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School study > Chemical reactions > Flashcards

Chemical reactions Flashcards

1
Q

When describing matter explain its…

A

properties/characteristics and how it changes

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2
Q

physical property

A

a characteristic of a substance that can be observed without changing the substance

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3
Q

chemical property

A

a characteristic of a substance that describes its ability to change into other substances

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4
Q

physical change

A

any change that alters the form/appearance of a substance but does not make the substance into another substance

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5
Q

chemical change/reaction

A

atoms rearranging to form new substances with different chemical/physical properties

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6
Q

reactants

A

substances that undergoes a change in a chemical reaction

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7
Q

products

A

t he product of a chemical reaction

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8
Q

chemical changes occur when bonds…

A

break/form that produces new substances

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9
Q

chemical reactions involve changes in…

A

properties and changes that you can observe

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10
Q

to detect chemical reactions observes changes in…

A

properties of the metals involved

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11
Q

precipitate

A

a solid that form from a solution during a chemical reaction

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12
Q

chemical reactions absorb or liberate…

A

heat

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13
Q

breaking bonds require…

A

energy

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14
Q

endothermic reaction

A

making/breaking of bonds resulting in an absorption of energy

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15
Q

Exothermic reaction

A

making/breaking of bonds in a result of a net release in energy

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16
Q

chemical equations

A

a short, easy way to show a chemical reation, using symbols instead of words that have a common structure

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17
Q

the number of reactants and products can vary while some…

A

only have one

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18
Q

a chemical equation tells you the substance that you…

A

start and end with in a reaction

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19
Q

conservation of matter

A

principal that states that matter is neither created or destroyed during a chemical reactoin

20
Q

the number of atoms stays the same no matter how…

A

they’re arranged in a chemical reaction

21
Q

open system

A

matter can enter or escape to its surroundings

22
Q

closed system

A

matter is not allowed to enter or leave

23
Q

to describe a reaction accurately, chemical equation must show the same…

A

number of elements on either side

24
Q

coeffecient

A

a number placed in front of a chemical formula

25
Q

the three general types of chemical reactions are…

A

synthesis, decomposition, and replacement.

26
Q

synthesis

A

when 2 or more elements/compounds combine to make a more complex substance

27
Q

deocmposition

A

when compounds break into simpler products

28
Q

replacement

A

when one element replaces another in a compound

29
Q

in a double replacement reaction, elements in one compounds trade places with…

A

elements in another compound

30
Q

a reaction cannot begin if the reactants have enough…

A

energy to break their chemical bonds

31
Q

activation energy

A

the minimum amount of energy needed to start a chemical reaction

32
Q

all chemical reactions require a certain amount of…

A

activation energy to get started

33
Q

every chemical reaction needs…

A

activation energy

34
Q

it depends on if a reaction is exothermic or endothermic to determine of the reactions needs…

A

more energy or notf

35
Q

actors that affects rates of a reaction include…

A

surface area, temperature, concentration, and the presence of catalysts and inhibitors

36
Q

chunks of solid + liquid or gas = particles on the…

A

surface of a solid that come into contact with other reactants

37
Q

breaking a solid into smaller pieces makes more particles become…

A

exposed and makes the reaction happen faster which could be dangerous

38
Q

when heating a reaction, the particles move faster increasing the reaction rate in two ways:

A
  1. particles come in contact more often, more changes for reactions to happen
  2. faster moving particles have more energy which causes more particles to get over the activation energy “hump”
39
Q

concentration

A

the amount of a substance in a given volume

40
Q

increasing the concentration of reactants supplies more…

A

particles to react

41
Q

catalyst

A

a material that increases rate of reaction by lowering activation energy

42
Q

enzymes

A

biological catalysts in cells

43
Q

inhibitor

A

a material used to decrease the rate of a reaction

44
Q

combustion

A

a rapid reaction between oxygen and fuel that is exothermic

45
Q

fuel

A

a material that releases energy when it burns

46
Q

what is in the fire triangle

A

heat, fuel, and oxygen

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