13 Colonies Flashcards
The French and Indian War was also known as…
The Seven years war
the French and Indian war was from…
1754-1763
During the French and Indian War…
-Britain + France fought land in North America
-Colonists + George Washington fought
-Colonists gave money and men to the war
-England wins the war
-England acquires France’s land
What was the Proclamation of 1763?
A line that prohibited colonists from moving west of the Appalachian Mountains
What did the Proclamation of 1763 do?
-Allowed Britain to control colonists
-Prevented people from moving away from the coast where Britain’s markets and investments were
-puts 10,000 British troops in America
What was the Impact of the French and Indian War?
-England’s economy suffers
-Starts to tax colonists to make up for their war costs
-Colonists lost trust in British government
What is a patriot?
Colonists who wanted to be independent from britain
What is a loyalist?
Colonists who were loyal to Britain
When was the Sugar Act?
1764
What did the Sugar act do?
Lowered tax on imported molasses
What did the Parliament hoped to engourage when passing the Sugar Act
Encouraged the colonists to stop smuggling/trading illegally with other nations
When was the Stamp Act?
1765
What did the Stamp Act do?
-Taxed ALL paper products
-taxes had to be paid in “Hard money”
-Threatened all americans
-Drained all coinage from the colonies
How did the colonists react to all of the acts placed on them?
-9 colonies sent representatives to New York for Stamp Act Congress
- Sent letter to Parliament asking to only be taxed on assemblies
-Colonists boycott British goods
What did the Parliament do when the letters were sent?
Parliament cancelled the stamp act but passes the Declaratory act
What does the Declaratory Act do?
British Parliament gains the right to make decisions for British colonies in ALL cases
What was the currency act?
Prohibited american colonists from issuing their own currency
What was the Quartering Act?
Required the colonists to provide shelter and supplies for the British troops
What was the Townshed Act?
Taxes on glass, lead, paint, paper, and tea /all imported goods
What was the Tea Act?
Permitted the British East India Tea Comp. to sell tea at a lower price than colonial tea companies
Who were the Sons and Daughters of Liberty
Men and Woman who met in secret to boycott and fight the British
Who was the leader of the Patriots?
George Washington, John Adams, Haratio Gates, and Benedict Arnold
Who were the leaders of the British?
William Howe, John Burgoyne, Thomas Gage, Henry Clinton, and Charles Cornwallis
Who were the leaders of the French?
Marquis De Lafayette and Rochambeau
What countries were involved in the American Revolution?
France, Britain, Haiti, Netherlands, Germany, Spain, and America
What were the Americans’ strengths?
-battling on their own ground
-had greater motiviation
-had the best leader, George Washington
What were the British’s strengths?
-strongest navy in the world
-supported by wealth and people
-had experience in fighting
What was the Battle of Brooklyn?
-August 1776
-British Victory
-Made the colonists lose morale
-British holds New York for the rest of the War
-Washington escaped NY safely
What was the Battle of Brandywine?
-September 1776
-british victory
-Philadelphia was very important
-Lafayette wants to become a leader
What was the Battle of Saratoga?
-September 1777
-American Victory
-turing point in the war
-Americans gain confidence
-Surprise attack against the British
What was the Battle of Trenton?
-December 26, 1776
-First Patriot Victory
-Continental Army received even more supplies
-Delayed battle caused by Washington recrossing the Delaware
What was Valley Forge?
-December 1777->1778
-a time where the Patriots trained and got stronger with George Washington
-took advantage of the harsh weather conditions
What was the Battle of Cowpens?
-January 1781
-Patriot Victory
-Critical victory and weakens British
-Last major battle before British surrenders
-British had less control of the South, low supplies, and were outnumbered
What was the Battle of Yorktown?
-Lasted 20 days
- Patriot Victory
-On October 19, 1781 General Cornwallis signed the British surrender
-Last great battle of American Revolution
-The French had already defeated the British Navy -> This made the British not able to get reinforcements.
What was the Treaty of Paris?
- signing of peace that made the United States an independent nation
-Takes away all British troops from American territory - Americans fishing rights to the waters off the coast near Canada
-loyalist property was taken away
-The U.S. promised to the British that they would pay for what the merchants needed
What was the aftermath of the American Revolution?
-British surrendered and Patriots won
-Freedom in the colonies
-Colonies turned to the United States of America
What was the Impact of the American Revolution?
-Treaty of Paris
-Freedom in America
-Britain had made peace with France and Spain
-Started a new nation
What were the continental army’s battle strategies?
-Fought on their own land
-Knew where to lay traps and ambush
-The British had to cross the ocean just to fight
-Other countries helped support the Americans
What were the British army’s battle strategies?
-Had better weapons
-Had more support from other countries and people
-Had more donations
-Had more training
What was the crossing of the Delaware?
-December 1776
-Patriot Victory
-Americans expanded army because of success
-First major win for Patriots
-Strategic win
